Warren Burger
Warren Earl Burger (1907-1995) was the fifteenth Chief Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States. He joined the court in 1969 after a nomination from President Richard Nixon. Burger assumed senior status on September 26, 1986. His service ended with his death on June 25, 1996. Prior to joining the Supreme Court, Burger served on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.[1]
Education
Burger received his LL.B. from St. Paul College of Law in 1931.[1]
Professional career
- 1953-1956: Assistant U.S. Attorney General, Civil Litigation Division, United States Department of Justice
- 1931-1948: Instructor in contracts and trusts, St. Paul College of Law
- 1931-1953: Attorney in private practice, St. Paul, Minnesota[1]
Federal judicial career
Supreme Court
Burger was nominated to the Supreme Court by President Richard Nixon on May 23, 1969. He was confirmed by the Senate on June 9, 1969, and received his commission on June 23, 1969. Warren assumed senior status on September 26, 1986. Burger service ended with his death on June 25, 1996.[1] He was succeeded to this post by Chief Justice William Rehnquist.
District of Columbia Court of Appeals
Burger was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit by Dwight Eisenhower on January 12, 1956. He was confirmed by the Senate on March 28, 1956, and received his commission on March 29th. His service ended on June 23, 1969 with his nomination to the Supreme Court.[1] He was succeeded to this post by Malcolm Wilkey.
Noteworthy cases
| Details |
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| Author: Warren Burger
Vote Count: 9-0 Majority Justices: Black, Douglas, Harlan, Brennan, Stewart, White, Marshall, Blackmun |
Modes of integration needed examination (1971)
Despite the decision in Brown v. Board of Education, desegregation of public schools across the nation was occurring at different speeds. In Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Caroilna, black students were still attending schools where the majority of students were of the same race. On April 20, 1971, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that desegregation plans should be judged based on their effectiveness by examining ratios of students. This decision also found that predominantly black schools needed to be held under close scrutiny, that interim schools set up were within court scrutiny, and that no strict guidelines could be used to determine busing.[2]
| Details |
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| Author: Warren Burger
Vote Count: 8-0 Majority Justices: Brennan, Stewart, Marshall, Blackmun Concurring Justices: Douglas, White |
The Government cannot use surveillance without a warrant (1972)
The United States government used wiretapping and electronic surveillance to monitor three people they thought were conspiring to destroy government property and to bomb the Central Intelligence Agency. As part of this surveillance, they recorded conversations of the suspects. The government did all of this, however, without a warrant. On June 19, 1972, the Supreme Court found this was a violation of the suspects' Fourth Amendment rights. Despite issues of domestic security involved, the government still needed to obtain a warrant. The Supreme Court's decision was influenced by the idea that surveillance of this kind without a warrant could be abused.[3]
See also
External links
- Burger Biography from the Federal Judicial Center
Footnotes
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by: Harold Montelle Stephens |
DC Circuit Court of Appeals 1956–1969 |
Succeeded by: Malcolm Wilkey |
| Preceded by: Earl Warren |
Supreme Court 1969–1986 Seat #1 |
Succeeded by: William Rehnquist
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| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Active judges |
Chief Judge: Srikanth Srinivasan • Karen Henderson • J. Michelle Childs • Florence Pan • Robert Leon Wilkins • Patricia Ann Millett • Cornelia T. L. Pillard • Greg Katsas • Neomi Rao • Justin Walker (U.S. Court of Appeals) • Bradley Garcia | ||
| Senior judges |
David Sentelle • Douglas Ginsburg • David Tatel • Harry Edwards • Arthur Randolph • | ||
| Former judges | William Cranch • James Markham Marshall • Allen Bowie Duckett • Nicholas Battalle Fitzhugh • William Kilty • James Sewall Morsell • Buckner Thruston • James Dunlop • William Matthew Merrick • Richard Henry Alvey • Martin Ferdinand Morris • Seth Shepard • Louis Emory McComas • Charles Holland Duell • Charles Henry Robb • Josiah Alexander Van Orsdel • William Hitz • Constantine Joseph Smyth • Duncan Groner • George Ewing Martin • James McPherson Proctor (Federal judge) • Harold Montelle Stephens • Henry Edgerton • Justin Miller (D.C. Circuit) • Stephen F. Williams • Janice Rogers Brown • Merrick Garland • Thomas Griffith • Brett Kavanaugh • Laurence Silberman • Walter Bastian • Edward Tamm • Spottswood Robinson • Thurman Arnold • Bennett Clark • Wilbur Miller • David Bazelon • Robert Bork • John Danaher • Charles Fahy • George MacKinnon • Carl McGowan • Abner Mikva • Elijah Prettyman • Roger Robb • Kenneth Starr • Patricia Wald • George Thomas Washington (Federal judge) • Malcolm Wilkey • George Edward MacKinnon • Ketanji Brown Jackson • James Wright (Louisiana) • | ||
| Former Chief judges |
William Cranch • Richard Henry Alvey • Seth Shepard • Constantine Joseph Smyth • Duncan Groner • George Ewing Martin • Harold Montelle Stephens • Henry Edgerton • David Sentelle • Merrick Garland • Douglas Ginsburg • Harry Edwards • Spottswood Robinson • Wilbur Miller • David Bazelon • Carl McGowan • Abner Mikva • Elijah Prettyman • Patricia Wald • James Wright (Louisiana) • | ||
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1953 |
Boldt • Bruchhausen • Cecil • Dawkins, Jr. • Grooms • Hamlin • Hoffman • Knoch • Schnackenberg • Warren • Willson | ||
| 1954 |
Aldrich • Anderson • Bastian • Bicks • Bootle • Boreman • Breitenstein • Brooks • Cecil • Chambers • Choate • Christensen • Connell • Danaher • Dawson • Day • Fee • Freeman • Halbert • Harlan • Hincks • Hoffman • Holder • Hunter • Ingraham • Laramore • Kent • Lemmon • Lord • McGarraghy • Mickelson • Miller • Palmieri • Parkinson • Rogers • Ross • Stewart • Taylor • Thomsen • Tuttle • Van Oosterhout • Vogel • Walsh • Whittaker • Wilson | ||
| 1955 |
Alger • Brown • Cameron • Clarke • Davies • Devitt • East • Estes • Grubb • Harlan • Jertberg • Jones • Lumbard • McIlvaine • Miller • Register • Sorg • Van Dusen • Waterman • Watkins • Wortendyke • Wright | ||
| 1956 |
Barnes • Bryan • Burger • Cashin • Hamley • Herlands • Johnson • Juergens • Kerr • Kraft • Levet • Lewis • Lieb • Mercer • Morgan • Rich • Rizley • Robinson • Smith • Sobeloff • Weick • Whittaker | ||
| 1957 |
Arraj • Breitenstein • Brennan • Egan • Gignoux • Grant • Hastings • Haynsworth • Hicklin • Jameson • Layton • Moore • O'Sullivan • Parkinson • Richardson • Sirica • Stanley • Thompson • Van Pelt • Weber • Whittaker • Wisdom • Zavatt | ||
| 1958 |
Beck • Burke • Carswell • Clayton • Hamlin • Henley • Jertberg • Knoch • Martin • Matthes • Miner • Morrill • Poos • Robson • Stanley • Steel • Stewart • Wollenberg | ||
| 1959 |
Aldrich • Bartels • Blackmun • Boreman • Butler • Castle • Cecil • Crocker • Dalton • Field • Fisher • Forman • Friendly • Hart • Henderson • Henley • Julian • Kalbfleisch • Kilkenny • Koelsch • Kunzel • MacMahon • Merrill • Metzner • Powell • Smith • Sweigert • Walsh • Weick • Weinman • Wood • Worley • Young | ||
| 1960 |
Caffrey • Chilson • Durfee • Hodge • Kaess • Lane • Lewis • Mishler • O'Sullivan • Paul • Smith • Stephenson • Tavares • Timbers | ||
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 |
Adams • Barlow • Battin • Brooks • Burger • Carswell • Clark • Garth • Gibbons • Goodwin • Hannum • Herman • Ingraham • Kilkenny • Lane • Levin • MacKinnon • McFadden • Middlebrooks • Parker • Robb • Trask • Widener • Wilkins • Williams • Wright | ||
| 1970 |
Becker • Blackmun • Bogue • Bratcher • Bue • Conti • Cox • Ditter • Dupree • Eisele • Engel • Fay • Feikens • Fisher • Frey • Gorbey • Hill • Huyett • Kelleher • Kennedy • Kent • King • Kitchen • Knapp • Knox • Krupansky • McCune • McGarr • McWilliams • Mechem • J. Miller • W. Miller • Morton • Moye • Muir • O'Kelley • Oakes • Pell • Pointer • Pratt • Roney • Rosenn • Ross • Schnacke • Scott • Stapleton • Steger • Stevens • Teitelbaum • Thompson • Tjoflat • Toledo • Turrentine • Urbom • VanArtsdalen • Walinski • Wallace • Wangelin • Webster • Weis • Wellford • Wilkey • Winner • Wood | ||
| 1971 |
Alaimo • Allen • A. Anderson • J. Anderson • Barrett • Bauer • Bauman • Benson • Blair • Blatt • Boe • Brieant • Broderick • Bryan Jr. • Byrne • Campbell • Chapman • Choy • Contie • Costantino • DeMascio • Denney • Dier • Doyle • Field • Finesilver • Flannery • Freeman • Gagliardi • Goodwin • Gordon • Green • Gurfein • Hall • Hand • Hodges • Holden • Hunter • Kunzig • Lacey • Lucas • Lydick • Mansfield • McGovern • McLaren • McMillen • Mulligan • Murray • Neaher • Newcomer • Newman • Nielsen • O'Connor • Oakes • Pierce • Powell • Rehnquist • Renfrew • Richey • Rosen • Rubin • Russell • Scalera • Sharp • Sprecher • Stephenson • Stuart • Timbers • Tone • Sickle • Varner • R. West • Williams • Young | ||
| 1972 |
Bechtle • Bennett • Burns • Campbell • Carter • Coffrin • Duffy • Enright • Foreman • Freedman • Griesa • Hermansdorfer • Joiner • Kashiwa • King • Knapp • Lively • Mahon • Markey • Neill • Owens • Pesquera • Roettger • Skopil, Jr. • Stewart • Tauro • Turk • Wallace • H. Ward • R. Ward • Widener | ||
| 1973 |
Biunno • Conner • Engel • Fogel • Garth • Gee • Guin • Hancock • Harvey • Marshall • Miller • Nangle • Owen • Reed • Schatz • Sharp • Skinner • Sneed • Snyder • Stern • Webster • Weis • Wood | ||
| 1974 |
Alsop • Duncan • Firth • Gurfein • Hill • Matsch • McGlynn • Meanor • Miles • Morris • Orrick • Platt • Porter • Schwartz • Stagg • Tone • Voorhees • Warren • Warriner • Werker | ||
