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Design of an Extractive Distillation Column for the Environmentally Benign Separation of Zirconium and Hafnium Tetrachloride for Nuclear Power Reactor Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Le Quang Minh

    (School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea)

  • Nguyen Van Duc Long

    (School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea)

  • Pham Luu Trung Duong

    (School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea)

  • Youngmi Jung

    (School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea)

  • Alireza Bahadori

    (School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, New South Wales, Australia)

  • Moonyong Lee

    (School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea)

Abstract
Nuclear power with strengthened safety regulations continues to be used as an important resource in the world for managing atmospheric greenhouse gases and associated climate change. This study examined the environmentally benign separation of zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl 4 ) and hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl 4 ) for nuclear power reactor applications through extractive distillation using a NaCl-KCl molten salt mixture. The vapor–liquid equilibrium behavior of ZrCl 4 and HfCl 4 over the molten salt system was correlated with Raoult’s law. The molten salt-based extractive distillation column was designed optimally using a rigorous commercial simulator for the feasible separation of ZrCl 4 and HfCl 4 . The molten salt-based extractive distillation approach has many potential advantages for the commercial separation of ZrCl 4 and HfCl 4 compared to the conventional distillation because of its milder temperatures and pressure conditions, smaller number of required separation trays in the column, and lower energy requirement for separation, while still taking the advantage of environmentally benign feature by distillation. A heat-pump-assisted configuration was also explored to improve the energy efficiency of the extractive distillation process. The proposed enhanced configuration reduced the energy requirement drastically. Extractive distillation can be a promising option competing with the existing extraction-based separation process for zirconium purification for nuclear power reactor applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Le Quang Minh & Nguyen Van Duc Long & Pham Luu Trung Duong & Youngmi Jung & Alireza Bahadori & Moonyong Lee, 2015. "Design of an Extractive Distillation Column for the Environmentally Benign Separation of Zirconium and Hafnium Tetrachloride for Nuclear Power Reactor Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:9:p:10354-10369:d:56106
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kiss, Anton A. & Flores Landaeta, Servando J. & Infante Ferreira, Carlos A., 2012. "Towards energy efficient distillation technologies – Making the right choice," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 531-542.
    2. Huan-Liang Tsai, 2014. "Design and Evaluation of a Photovoltaic/Thermal-Assisted Heat Pump Water Heating System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-20, May.
    3. Steven Chu & Arun Majumdar, 2012. "Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future," Nature, Nature, vol. 488(7411), pages 294-303, August.
    4. Van Duc Long, Nguyen & Lee, Moonyong, 2013. "A novel NGL (natural gas liquid) recovery process based on self-heat recuperation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 663-670.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nguyen Van Duc Long & Thi Hiep Han & Dong Young Lee & Sun Yong Park & Byeng Bong Hwang & Moonyong Lee, 2019. "Enhancement of a R-410A Reclamation Process Using Various Heat-Pump-Assisted Distillation Configurations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Kazemi, Abolghasem & Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Arjomand & Beheshti, Masoud, 2018. "Recently developed heat pump assisted distillation configurations: A comparative study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 1261-1281.

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