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Evaluation of the Productivity of New Spring Cereal Mixture to Optimize Cultivation under Different Soil Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Danuta Leszczyńska

    (Department of Cereal Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra

    (Department of Agroecology and Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Patkowski

    (Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate grain yields, protein yields, and net metabolic energy yields of different combinations of spring types of barley, oat, and wheat arranged in 10 mixtures and grown under different soil types. Naked cultivars of barley and oat were used. The three-year field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Advisory Centre in Szepietowo, Poland. The study showed that the major factor determining yields of the mixtures was soil quality. Within the better soil (Albic Luvisols), the highest yield was achieved by a mixture of covered barley and wheat and by a mixture of covered barley with covered oats and wheat, but only in treatments with lower sowing density. Moreover, on the better soil, significantly higher protein yields were obtained for mixtures of barley (covered or naked grains) with wheat as compared to the mixture of covered barley with covered oats, or the mixture of covered barley with naked oats and wheat. The highest yields of net metabolic energy, regardless of soil type, were obtained from a mixture of naked barley with wheat, while the lowest from a mixture of covered barley with naked oats and wheat. Mixed sowings increase biodiversity of canopies, which allows a better use of production space. They also increase health and the productivity of plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Danuta Leszczyńska & Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra & Krzysztof Patkowski, 2020. "Evaluation of the Productivity of New Spring Cereal Mixture to Optimize Cultivation under Different Soil Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:8:p:344-:d:396592
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Miguel A. Altieri & Clara I. Nicholls & Rene Montalba, 2017. "Technological Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture at a Crossroads: An Agroecological Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Klimek-Kopyra, Agnieszka & Bacior, Magdalena & Zając, Tadeusz, 2017. "Biodiversity as a creator of productivity and interspecific competitiveness of winter cereal species in mixed cropping," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 343(C), pages 123-130.
    3. Hong, Yu & Heerink, Nico & Zhao, Minjuan & van der Werf, Wopke, 2019. "Intercropping contributes to a higher technical efficiency in smallholder farming: Evidence from a case study in Gaotai County, China," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 317-324.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anna Wenda-Piesik & Agnieszka Synowiec, 2021. "Productive and Ecological Aspects of Mixed Cropping System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-3, April.

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