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Biomass for energy in the EU – The support framework

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  • Banja, Manjola
  • Sikkema, Richard
  • Jégard, Martin
  • Motola, Vincenzo
  • Dallemand, Jean-François
Abstract
This paper aims to produce a quantitative approach on the overall measures and on public support framework for biomass for energy, based on the EU countries reports under RED and existing literature. The way in which the support for biomass is implemented in the EU energy sector is not similar across EU countries. Feed-in tariffs and feed-in-premiums are still the dominant support schemes for the deployment of bioelectricity, whereas subsidies remain the main support for bioheat. Furthermore, a vast number of EU countries apply mandatory blending quotas for biofuels for transport. The paper shows that biomass for energy has a key role within the EU policy support for RES, in which targets are the main drivers, together with overarching biomass guidelines to anticipate any environmental constraints. Stable support showed the highest effectiveness in the past and remains the key factor for biomass deployment beyond 2020. The renewed targets need to be accompanied by long-term support measures and a commonly shared policy vision. A further harmonization of public bioenergy support towards a single EU cleaner energy market is recommended. This implies four policy actions for all EU countries: in-depth efficiency review, integration with RED-2, compatible sustainability guidelines and local impact assessments.

Suggested Citation

  • Banja, Manjola & Sikkema, Richard & Jégard, Martin & Motola, Vincenzo & Dallemand, Jean-François, 2019. "Biomass for energy in the EU – The support framework," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 215-228.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:131:y:2019:i:c:p:215-228
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.04.038
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Scarlat, Nicolae & Dallemand, Jean-François & Monforti-Ferrario, Fabio & Banja, Manjola & Motola, Vincenzo, 2015. "Renewable energy policy framework and bioenergy contribution in the European Union – An overview from National Renewable Energy Action Plans and Progress Reports," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 969-985.
    2. Hellsmark, Hans & Jacobsson, Staffan, 2012. "Realising the potential of gasified biomass in the European Union—Policy challenges in moving from demonstration plants to a larger scale diffusion," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 507-518.
    3. del Río, Pablo & Linares, Pedro, 2014. "Back to the future? Rethinking auctions for renewable electricity support," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 42-56.
    4. Paiano, Annarita & Lagioia, Giovanni, 2016. "Energy potential from residual biomass towards meeting the EU renewable energy and climate targets. The Italian case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 161-173.
    5. Nicolini, Marcella & Tavoni, Massimo, 2017. "Are renewable energy subsidies effective? Evidence from Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 412-423.
    6. Huntington, Samuel C. & Rodilla, Pablo & Herrero, Ignacio & Batlle, Carlos, 2017. "Revisiting support policies for RES-E adulthood: Towards market compatible schemes," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 474-483.
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