Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2023

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Of the eight state legislative chambers that held elections in 2023, two of them—one senate chamber and one house chamber—included incumbents who were unable to run for re-election due to term limits. Louisiana was the only state with term limits that had a general election in 2023. In the two legislative chambers affected by term limits in 2023, 144 seats were up for election.

There are 99 chambers throughout the country. In 31 legislative chambers across 16 states, state legislators are subject to term limits. In the United States, there are 1,973 state senate seats and 5,413 state house seats. 609 of the 1,973 state senate seats, or 30.9%, come with a limit. 1,462 of the 5,413 state house seats, or 27.0%, come with a limit. Of the total of 7,386 state legislative seats, 2,071 (28.0%) are limited.

HIGHLIGHTS
  • In 2023, 22 state legislators—seven state senators and 15 state representatives—were term-limited in Louisiana. This represented 3.8% of the 578 total seats up for election in November 2023.[1]
  • There were fewer term-limited legislators in 2023 than in 2019. In 2019, there were 47 term-limited state legislators.
  • 16 Republicans and six Democrats were term-limited in 2023. In odd-numbered election years between 2011 and 2021, Democrats averaged 12 term-limited legislators, while Republicans averaged 15 term-limited legislators.


    • See also

    Footnotes

    1. ↑ Some of the 22 term-limited state legislators in 2023 may have resigned before their term ends. These legislators were still counted in the total number of term-limited legislators in 2023.
    2. ↑ Nebraska senators are officially nonpartisan. Five Nebraska senators term-limited in 2018 were affiliated with the Republican Party, while the other was affiliated with the Democratic Party.
    3. ↑ Google Spreadsheet, "Post-election term limits results, 2018," accessed April 25, 2019
    4. ↑ Nebraska senators are officially nonpartisan. Five Nebraska senators term-limited in 2018 were affiliated with the Republican Party, while the other was affiliated with the Democratic Party. The Nebraska senators were counted as major party incumbents in the post-election results.
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