United States Senate elections, 2020

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2020 U.S. Senate Elections

Election Date November 3, 2020

U.S. Senate Elections by State

Alabama • Alaska • Arizona (special) • Arkansas • Colorado • Delaware • Georgia • Idaho • Illinois • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Montana • Nebraska • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • North Carolina • Oklahoma • Oregon • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Virginia • West Virginia • Wyoming

U.S. House Elections

Elections to the U.S. Senate were held on November 3, 2020. A total of 33 of the 100 seats were up for regular election.

Those elected to the U.S. Senate in the 33 regular elections on November 3, 2020, began their six-year terms on January 3, 2021.

Special elections were also held to fill vacancies that occurred in the 116th Congress, including 2020 special U.S. Senate elections in Arizona for the seat that John McCain (R) won in 2016 and in Georgia for the seat that Johnny Isakson (R) won in 2016.

Twelve seats held by Democrats and 23 seats held by Republicans were up for election in 2020. Heading into the election, Republicans had a majority with 53 seats. Democrats needed a net gain of four seats, or three in addition to winning the presidential election, to take control of the chamber. The vice president casts tie-breaking votes in the Senate.

On this page, you will find:

• The current and historical partisan balance of the U.S. Senate
• A list of special elections for the 116th Congress
• The seats that are up for election in 2020
• Information on 2020's battleground races
• The number of filed candidates by political party
• A list of incumbents not seeking re-election in 2020
• A list of important dates and deadlines for the 2020 election cycle
• Information on states held by a party opposite the winning 2016 presidential candidate
• A list of race ratings
• Information on historical wave elections

2020 election analysis and context

See also: Election results, 2020: Control of the U.S. Senate

Updated 5:10 p.m. ET on January 6, 2021

As a result of the 2020 U.S. Senate elections, Democrats and Republicans split the chamber 50-50, with Vice President (starting January 20, 2021, Democrat Kamala Harris) having the tie-breaking vote. Heading into the November 3, 2020, elections, Republicans held 53 seats in the U.S. Senate, with Democrats holding 45 and independents who caucus with Democrats holding the remaining two.

Democrats won control of the U.S. Senate following two runoff elections in Georgia on January 5, 2021. Raphael Warnock (D) won the special runoff election and Jon Ossoff (D) won the regular runoff election. Before the runoffs, Republicans had secured 50 seats and Democrats had secured 48 seats (including among them two seats held by independents who caucus with Democrats).

Democrats flipped four seats and Republicans flipped one:

• Tommy Tuberville (R) defeated incumbent Doug Jones (D) in Alabama.
• Mark Kelly (D) defeated incumbent Martha McSally (R) in Arizona's special election.
• John Hickenlooper (D) defeated incumbent Cory Gardner (R) in Colorado.
• Raphael Warnock (D) defeated Kelly Loeffler (R) in Georgia.
• Jon Ossoff (D) defeated David Perdue (R) in Georgia.

Thirty-five of the 100 seats were up in 2020, including two special elections. Twenty-three of those seats were held by Republicans and 12 by Democrats, giving Republicans greater partisan risk in 2020.

Ballotpedia tracked 16 of the 35 races as battlegrounds, including 12 for Republican-held seats and four for Democratic-held seats. Both parties defended two seats that the other party's presidential nominee won in 2016, with Democrats defending seats in Alabama and Michigan and Republicans defending seats in Colorado and Maine. The last time this set of seats was up, in 2014, nine flipped, all from Democratic to Republican.

Four of the seats up were open, meaning the incumbent was not running for re-election. Three of those seats were held by Republicans and one by a Democrat. The four senators were retiring from public office.

Partisan breakdown

Democrats gained a net three Senate seats in the 2020 general elections, winning control of the chamber. Republicans held 50 seats following the election, while Democrats had 48 seats and independents who caucus with Democrats held the remaining two. Vice President Kamala Harris (D) had the tiebreaking vote.

U.S. Senate Partisan Breakdown
Party		As of January 3, 2019	After the 2020 Election
	Democratic Party	45	48
	Republican Party	53	50
	Independent	2	2
	Vacancies	0	0
Total		100	100

The chart below shows historical partisan breakdown information for the chamber.

Click "show" to the right to read about changes in partisan control in the Senate since 2000.

From 2000 to 2018, partisan control of the U.S. Senate changed four times. Republicans controlled the chamber entering 2000. Democrats temporarily took a one-vote majority in the Senate after Vermont Sen. Jim Jeffords decided to leave the Republican Party, serve as an independent, and caucus with the Democrats in 2001. Shortly before the 2002 midterm election, however, Minnesota Sen. Paul Wellstone (D) was killed in a plane crash. His replacement, former Vice President Walter Mondale (D), was defeated by Norm Coleman (R). Following the midterm election, Coleman became the 51st Republican senator. In 2005 and 2006, Republicans reached a high of 55 seats compared to the Democrats' 45. Republicans lost control of the Senate in 2007 following the previous year's midterm election. Democrats won a 51-49 majority that year, which grew to a 59-41 split in 2010. The Senate changed hands again following the 2014 midterm election, and Republicans held a 54-46 majority in 2015 and 2016. This majority fell to a 52-48 split in 2017, and with the special election victory of Alabama Sen. Doug Jones (D) shrinking the Republican majority to 51-49 in 2018. Republicans won two seats in the 2018 elections, bringing their majority to 53-47 at the start of 2019. The majority of the U.S. Senate can sometimes shift due to unexpected circumstances. A historical example of this would be 1953, when the Republican majority in the Senate shrank to 48-47 after Oregon Sen. Wayne Morse left the Republican Party to become an independent. Nine senators died from 1953 to 1955. When Ohio Sen. Robert Taft (R) died during the summer of 1953, a Democrat was appointed to replace him, which gave the Democratic Party a one-vote majority. The following summer, Wyoming Sen. Lester Hunt (D) committed suicide and a Republican was appointed to replace him. This flipped the majority back into Republican control.

Election results

Staff Writer Marielle Bricker gives an overview of the 2020 United States Senate election View other episodes here.

Twelve seats held by Democrats and 23 seats held by Republicans were up for election in 2020, including the Arizona special election and the Georgia special election. In 2020, Democrats had a net gain of three seats and controlled 50 seats at the beginning of the 117th Congress. The map and table below show what seats were up for election and the incumbent heading into the election in each race.

United States Senate elections, 2020
State	Pre-election incumbent	Year first elected	Last election margin of victory (% points)	Winner	Partisan change?
Alabama	Doug Jones	2017	1.7	Tommy Tuberville	Yes
Alaska	Dan Sullivan	2014	2.2	Dan Sullivan	No
Arizona	Martha McSally	N/A	13.7	Mark Kelly	Yes
Arkansas	Tom Cotton	2014	17.0	Tom Cotton	No
Colorado	Cory Gardner	2014	1.9	John Hickenlooper	Yes
Delaware	Chris Coons	2010	13.6	Chris Coons	No
Georgia	David Perdue	2014	7.7	Jon Ossoff	Yes
Georgia	Kelly Loeffler	N/A	13.8	Raphael Warnock	Yes
Idaho	Jim Risch	2008	30.6	Jim Risch	No
Illinois	Dick Durbin	1996	10.8	Dick Durbin	No
Iowa	Joni Ernst	2014	8.3	Joni Ernst	No
Kansas	Pat Roberts	1996	10.6	Roger Marshall	No
Kentucky	Mitch McConnell	1984	15.5	Mitch McConnell	No
Louisiana	Bill Cassidy	2014	11.8	Bill Cassidy	No
Maine	Susan Collins	1996	36.2	Susan Collins	No
Massachusetts	Ed Markey	2013	22.8	Ed Markey	No
Michigan	Gary Peters	2014	13.3	Gary Peters	No
Minnesota	Tina Smith	2018	10.6	Tina Smith	No
Mississippi	Cindy Hyde-Smith	2018	7.2	Cindy Hyde-Smith	No
Montana	Steve Daines	2014	17.7	Steve Daines	No
Nebraska	Ben Sasse	2014	32.9	Ben Sasse	No
New Hampshire	Jeanne Shaheen	2008	3.3	Jeanne Shaheen	No
New Jersey	Cory Booker	2013	13.5	Cory Booker	No
New Mexico	Tom Udall	2008	11.2	Ben Ray Lujan	No
North Carolina	Thom Tillis	2014	1.5	Thom Tillis	No
Oklahoma	Jim Inhofe	1994	39.5	Jim Inhofe	No
Oregon	Jeff Merkley	2008	18.8	Jeff Merkley	No
Rhode Island	Jack Reed	1996	41.4	Jack Reed	No
South Carolina	Lindsey Graham	2002	15.7	Lindsey Graham	No
South Dakota	Mike Rounds	2014	20.9	Mike Rounds	No
Tennessee	Lamar Alexander	2014	30.0	Bill Hagerty	No
Texas	John Cornyn	2002	27.2	John Cornyn	No
Virginia	Mark Warner	2008	0.8	Mark Warner	No
West Virginia	Shelley Moore Capito	2014	27.6	Shelley Moore Capito	No
Wyoming	Mike Enzi	1996	54.8	Cynthia Lummis	No

Incumbents defeated

This section tracked incumbents defeated in 2020.

Incumbents defeated in the general election

The following table lists incumbents defeated in the 2020 general election for U.S. Senate.

U.S. Senate incumbents defeated in the 2020 general election
State	Incumbent	Election winner
Alabama	Doug Jones	Tommy Tuberville
Arizona	Martha McSally	Mark Kelly
Colorado	Cory Gardner	John Hickenlooper
Georgia	David Perdue	Jon Ossoff
Georgia	Kelly Loeffler	Raphael Warnock

Incumbents defeated in primaries

No U.S. Senate incumbents were defeated in primaries in 2020.

Margin of victory

See also: Election results, 2020: Congressional margin of victory analysis

The margin of victory (MOV) for each race is calculated by examining the percentage difference between the two candidates who received the most votes. If the race was uncontested, the margin of victory is listed as 100%. Some quick facts:

• The average margin of victory was 18.1%. This was higher than the 16.8% average in 2018, but lower than the 22.1% average in 2016 or the 22.6% average in 2014.
• On average, Democrats won by smaller margins than Republicans. The average MOV for winning Republicans was 22.0%, while Democratic winners averaged a MOV of 12.8%.
• The closest race was the regularly-scheduled election in Georgia, where challenger Jon Ossoff (D) defeated incumbent David Perdue (R) by 0.83 percent of the vote.

Click [show] to view a list of U.S. Senate elections in 2020 and their margins of victory

U.S. Senate margins of victory, 2020 State Votes cast Winner Winner votes Runner-up Runner-up votes Margin Margin (%) U.S. Senate, Alabama 2,316,445 Tommy Tuberville 1,392,076 Doug Jones 920,478 471,598 20.36% U.S. Senate, Alaska 354,587 Daniel S. Sullivan 191,112 Al Gross 146,068 45,044 12.70% U.S. Senate, Arizona (special election) 3,355,317 Mark Kelly 1,716,467 Martha McSally 1,637,661 78,806 2.35% U.S. Senate, Arkansas 1,193,261 Tom Cotton 793,871 Ricky Dale Harrington Jr. 399,390 394,481 33.06% U.S. Senate, Colorado 3,235,659 John Hickenlooper 1,731,114 Cory Gardner 1,429,492 301,622 9.32% U.S. Senate, Delaware 490,935 Chris Coons 291,804 Lauren Witzke 186,054 105,750 21.54% U.S. Senate, Georgia 4,484,902 Jon Ossoff 2,269,923 David Perdue 2,214,979 54,944 1.23% U.S. Senate, Georgia (special election) 4,484,954 Raphael Warnock 2,289,113 Kelly Loeffler 2,195,841 93,272 2.08% U.S. Senate, Idaho 859,827 Jim Risch 538,446 Paulette Jordan 285,864 252,582 29.38% U.S. Senate, Illinois 5,968,901 Dick Durbin 3,278,930 Mark Curran 2,319,870 959,060 16.07% U.S. Senate, Iowa 1,671,828 Joni Ernst 864,997 Theresa Greenfield 754,859 110,138 6.59% U.S. Senate, Kansas 1,367,755 Roger Marshall 727,962 Barbara Bollier 571,530 156,432 11.44% U.S. Senate, Kentucky 2,135,055 Mitch McConnell 1,233,315 Amy McGrath 816,257 417,058 19.53% U.S. Senate, Louisiana 2,071,543 Bill Cassidy 1,228,908 Adrian Perkins 394,049 834,859 40.30% U.S. Senate, Maine 819,183 Susan Collins 417,645 Sara Gideon 347,223 70,422 8.60% U.S. Senate, Massachusetts 3,564,136 Edward Markey 2,357,809 Kevin O'Connor 1,177,765 1,180,044 33.11% U.S. Senate, Michigan 5,479,720 Gary Peters 2,734,568 John James 2,642,233 92,335 1.69% U.S. Senate, Minnesota 3,209,198 Tina Smith 1,566,522 Jason Lewis 1,398,145 168,377 5.25% U.S. Senate, Mississippi 1,311,354 Cindy Hyde-Smith 709,511 Mike Espy 578,691 130,820 9.98% U.S. Senate, Montana 605,637 Steve Daines 333,174 Steve Bullock 272,463 60,711 10.02% U.S. Senate, Nebraska 930,012 Ben Sasse 583,507 Chris Janicek 227,191 356,316 38.31% U.S. Senate, New Hampshire 795,914 Jeanne Shaheen 450,778 Bryant Messner 326,229 124,549 15.65% U.S. Senate, New Jersey 4,440,440 Cory Booker 2,541,178 Rik Mehta 1,817,052 724,126 16.31% U.S. Senate, New Mexico 917,237 Ben Ray Luján 474,483 Mark Ronchetti 418,483 56,000 6.11% U.S. Senate, North Carolina 5,474,952 Thom Tillis 2,665,598 Cal Cunningham 2,569,965 95,633 1.75% U.S. Senate, Oklahoma 1,556,361 Jim Inhofe 979,140 Abby Broyles 509,763 469,377 30.16% U.S. Senate, Oregon 2,321,249 Jeff Merkley 1,321,047 Jo Rae Perkins 912,814 408,233 17.59% U.S. Senate, Rhode Island 494,262 Jack Reed 328,574 Allen Waters 164,855 163,719 33.12% U.S. Senate, South Carolina 2,515,104 Lindsey Graham 1,369,137 Jaime R. Harrison 1,110,828 258,309 10.27% U.S. Senate, South Dakota 420,219 Mike Rounds 276,232 Dan Ahlers 143,987 132,245 31.47% U.S. Senate, Tennessee 2,959,761 Bill Hagerty 1,840,926 Marquita Bradshaw 1,040,691 800,235 27.04% U.S. Senate, Texas 11,144,040 John Cornyn 5,962,983 M.J. Hegar 4,888,764 1,074,219 9.64% U.S. Senate, Virginia 4,405,087 Mark Warner 2,466,500 Daniel Gade 1,934,199 532,301 12.08% U.S. Senate, West Virginia 778,918 Shelley Moore Capito 547,454 Paula Jean Swearengin 210,309 337,145 43.28% U.S. Senate, Wyoming 271,937 Cynthia Lummis 198,100 Merav Ben-David 72,766 125,334 46.09%

Outside ratings

The following table compared U.S. Senate race ratings from The Cook Political Report, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and Inside Elections prior to the November 2020 elections.

Seats that changed party hands in 2014

See also: United States Senate elections, 2014

In 2014—the last time the 33 seats up for regular election in 2020 were up for election—nine seats changed party hands. Republicans picked up all nine seats.

Senate seats that changed party hands, 2014
State	Pre-election incumbent	2014 winner	Margin of victory (% points)	2020 rating: Cook	2020 rating: Inside Elections	2020 rating: Sabato
Alaska	Mark Begich	Dan Sullivan	2.2	Lean Republican	Lean Republican	Lean Republican
Arkansas	Mark Pryor	Tom Cotton	17.0	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Safe Republican
Colorado	Mark Udall	Cory Gardner	1.9	Lean Democratic	Lean Democratic	Likely Democratic
Iowa	Tom Harkin	Joni Ernst	8.3	Toss-up	Toss-up	Lean Republican
Louisiana	Mary Landrieu	Bill Cassidy	11.8	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Safe Republican
Montana	John Walsh	Steve Daines	17.7	Toss-up	Toss-up	Lean Republican
North Carolina	Kay Hagan	Thom Tillis	1.5	Toss-up	Tilt Democratic	Lean Democratic
South Dakota	Tim Johnson	Mike Rounds	20.9	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Safe Republican
West Virginia	Jay Rockefeller	Shelley Moore Capito	27.6	Solid Republican	Solid Republican	Safe Republican

Incumbents who didn't seek re-election in 2020

See also: List of U.S. Congress incumbents who did not run for re-election in 2020

• 1 Democrat
• 3 Republicans

Retiring from public office, 2020
Name	Party	State	Date announced	2020 winner's party
Lamar Alexander	Republican	Tennessee	December 17, 2018	Republican
Mike Enzi	Republican	Wyoming	May 4, 2019	Republican
Pat Roberts	Republican	Kansas	January 4, 2019	Republican
Tom Udall	Democratic	New Mexico	March 25, 2019	Democratic

Historical comparison

The following table includes figures on Democratic and Republican members of Congress who either left office during their term or announced that they would not seek re-election for each election year since 2012.

Outgoing members of Congress, 2012-2018
Year	Chamber	Democrats not seeking re-election	Republicans not seeking re-election	Total not seeking re-election	Democrats leaving office early	Republicans leaving office early	Total leaving office early
2018
	U.S. Senate	0	3	3	1	2	3
	U.S. House	18	34	52	3	14	17
	Total	18	37	55	4	16	20
2016
	U.S. Senate	3	2	5	0	0	0
	U.S. House	16	24	40	2	5	7
	Total	19	26	45	2	5	7
2014
	U.S. Senate	5	2	7	3	2	5
	U.S. House	16	25	41	3	6	9
	Total	21	27	48	6	8	14
2012
	U.S. Senate	6	3	10	0	0	0
	U.S. House	23	20	43	4	1	5
	Total	29	23	53	4	1	5

Annual Congressional Competitiveness Report, 2020

See also: Annual Congressional Competitiveness Report, 2020

Ballotpedia's Annual Congressional Competitiveness report for 2020 includes information on the number of elections featuring candidates from both major parties, the number of open seats, and more.

HIGHLIGHTS

More U.S. House races were contested by members of both major parties than in any general election since at least 1920, with 95.4% of races (415 of 435) featuring major party competition.

Of the U.S. Representatives and U.S. Senators who were eligible to run for re-election in 2018, 55 of them (11.8%) did not appear on the general election ballot in 2020.

In the 53 open seats where an incumbent either did not seek re-election or was defeated in a primary, there were 13 races where the incumbent's district overlapped at least one pivot county (a county that voted for President Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012, before switching to support President Donald Trump (R) in 2016).

In 20 races, only one major party candidate appeared on the general election ballot, the lowest number compared to the preceding decade.

Click here to view the full report.

Battleground elections

See also: U.S. Senate battlegrounds, 2020

Ballotpedia identified 16 races as general election battlegrounds. Of the 16 seats, four had Democratic incumbents and 12 had Republican incumbents heading into the election.

These battleground seats were selected by examining the results of the 2016 presidential election in the state, whether the incumbent was seeking re-election, and whether the incumbent was serving his or her first term in the Senate. Race ratings from the Cook Political Report, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and Inside Elections with Nathan Gonzales were also considered. For more information on our methodology, click here.

The following map displays the 2020 Senate battlegrounds shaded by the incumbent's or most recent incumbent's political affiliation. Hover over a state for more information.

Battleground U.S. Senate elections, 2020
State	Incumbent	Open seat?	2014 margin	2016 presidential margin	2020 election result
Alabama	Doug Jones	No	R+94.5	R+27.7	R+20.4
Arizona (special)	Martha McSally	No	R+13.0	R+3.5	D+2.4
Colorado	Cory Gardner	No	R+1.9	D+4.9	D+9.3
Georgia	David Perdue	No	R+7.7	R+5.2	D+1.2
Georgia (special)	Kelly Loeffler	No	R+13.8	R+5.2	D+2.0
Iowa	Joni Ernst	No	R+8.3	R+9.4	R+6.5
Kansas	Pat Roberts	Yes	R+10.6	R+20.6	R+11.4
Kentucky	Mitch McConnell	No	R+15.5	R+29.8	R+19.6
Maine	Susan Collins	No	R+36.2	D+3.0	R+8.6
Michigan	Gary Peters	No	D+13.3	R+0.2	D+1.7
Minnesota	Tina Smith	No	D+10.2	D+1.5	D+5.2
Montana	Steve Daines	No	R+17.7	R+20.5	R+10.0
New Hampshire	Jeanne Shaheen	No	D+3.2	D+0.4	D+15.6
North Carolina	Thom Tillis	No	R+1.6	R+3.7	R+1.8
South Carolina	Lindsey Graham	No	R+17.7	R+14.2	R+10.2
Texas	John Cornyn	No	R+27.2	R+9.0	R+9.6

Fundraising by candidate

The following table shows the top U.S. Senate fundraisers of the 2020 election cycle based on FEC filings through October 14, 2020.

Fundraising by party

See also: Party committee fundraising, 2019-2020

Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee

See also: Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee

The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee (DSCC) reported the following fundraising amounts for the 2021-22 election cycle:

Monthly fundraising for the DSCC for the 2021-22 election cycle
Month (Dates covered)	Total receipts	Total disbursements	Cash on hand (end of month)	Debts owed (end of month)	FEC document
Year-End 2022 (November 29-December 31, 2022)	$9,865,360.61	$14,916,360.74	$8,595,217.87	$20,000,000.00	Filing
Post-General 2022 (October 20-November 28, 2022)	$35,320,088.66	$55,785,192.43	$13,646,218.00	$20,000,000.00	Filing
Pre-General 2022 (October 1-19, 2022)	$37,191,286.44	$39,542,256.21	$34,111,521.77	$20,000,000.00	Filing
October 2022 (September 1-30, 2022)	$28,769,311.90	$38,151,774.31	$36,459,491.54	$0.00	Filing
September 2022 (August 1-31, 2022)	$12,578,749.01	$20,881,341.49	$45,841,953.95	$0.00	Filing
August 2022 (July 1-31, 2022)	$10,102,351.75	$9,496,094.09	$54,144,546.43	$0.00	Filing
July 2022 (June 1-30, 2022)	$12,566,902.59	$11,167,743.78	$53,538,288.77	$0.00	Filing
June 2022 (May 1-31, 2022)	$11,900,623.32	$6,599,838.15	$52,139,129.96	$0.00	Filing
May 2022 (April 1-30, 2022)	$8,269,244.48	$5,995,292.65	$45,983,531.45	$0.00	Filing
April 2022 (March 1-31, 2022)	$12,524,106.59	$6,681,395.51	$43,709,579.62	$0.00	Filing
March 2022 (Feb. 1-28, 2022)	$15,012,444.42	$6,401,962.44	$37,866,868.54	$0.00	Filing
February 2022 (Jan. 1-31, 2022)	$10,666,141.34	$5,104,332.75	$29,256,386.56	$0.00	Filing
Year-End 2021 (Dec. 1-31, 2021)	$10,128,189.49	$4,646,697.73	$23,694,577.97	$0.00	Filing
December 2021 (Nov. 1-30, 2021)	$6,846,254.23	$4,523,655.04	$18,213,086.21	$0.00	Filing
November 2021 (Oct. 1-31, 2021)	$6,981,887.03	$4,481,716.90	$15,890,487.02	$0.00	Filing
October 2021 (Sept. 1-30, 2021)	$8,037,630.15	$5,145,998.03	$13,390,316.89	$0.00	Filing
September 2021 (Aug. 1-31, 2021)	$6,153,202.01	$5,922,536.51	$10,498,684.77	$0.00	Filing
August 2021 (July 1-31, 2021)	$6,473,053.97	$7,770,185.85	$10,268,019.27	$2,000,000.00	Filing
July 2021 (June 1-30, 2021)	$10,123,541.88	$11,190,766.21	$11,565,151.15	$5,000,000.00	Filing
June 2021 (May 1-31, 2021)	$7,168,163.64	$7,258,068.33	$12,632,375.48	$8,000,000.00	Filing
May 2021 (April 1-30, 2021)	$6,642,177.58	$7,100,453.56	$12,722,280.17	$11,000,000.00	Filing
April 2021 (March 1-31, 2021)	$9,292,748.21	$6,315,393.50	$13,180,556.15	$15,000,000.00	Filing
March 2021 (Feb. 1-28, 2021)	$7,265,921.55	$6,108,300.17	$10,203,201.44	$18,000,000.00	Filing
February 2021 (Jan. 1-31, 2021)	$6,094,399.76	$6,833,277.29	$9,045,580.06	$20,000,000.00	Filing

The Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee (DSCC) reported the following fundraising amounts for the 2019-20 election cycle:

Monthly fundraising for the DSCC for the 2019-20 election cycle
Month (Dates covered)	Total receipts	Total disbursements	Cash on hand (end of month)	Debts owed (end of month)	FEC document
Year-End 2020 (Nov. 24 - Dec. 31, 2020)	$23,980,459.46	$31,688,232.18	$9,784,457.59	$20,000,000.00	Filing
Post-General 2020 (Oct. 15 - Nov. 23, 2020)	$35,600,342.20	$49,865,876.04	$17,492,230.31	$20,621,140.69	Filing
Pre-General 2020 (Oct. 1-14, 2020)	$35,331,507.60	$33,622,084.90	$31,757,764.15	$0.00	Filing
October 2020 (Sept. 1-30, 2020)	$43,766,388.33	$54,708,807.24	$30,048,341.45	$664,202.94	Filing
September 2020 (Aug. 1-31, 2020)	$26,933,943.47	$25,951,407.81	$40,990,760.36	$685,632.46	Filing
August 2020 (July 1-31, 2020)	$13,126,055.11	$10,856,069.90	$40,008,224.70	$707,011.35	Filing
July 2020 (June 1-30, 2020)	$13,594,066.34	$8,212,855.51	$37,738,239.49	$728,395.24	Filing
June 2020 (May 1-31, 2020)	$11,241,636.65	$7,691,856.06	$32,357,028.66	$749,595.76	Filing
May 2020 (Apr. 1-30, 2020)	$8,956,862.79	$5,028,784.99	$28,807,248.07	$770,411.86	Filing
April 2020 (Mar. 1-31, 2020)	$10,992,303.31	$6,057,453.55	$24,879,170.27	$790,686.39	Filing
March 2020 (Feb. 1-29, 2020)	$8,887,049.10	$8,693,457.16	$19,944,320.51	$1,810,934.04	Filing
February 2020 (Jan. 1-31, 2020)	$8,546,346.55	$7,464,236.52	$19,750,728.57	$4,830,923.92	Filing
Year-End 2019 (Dec. 1-31, 2019)	$7,321,304.42	$5,989,621.81	$18,668,618.52	$6,850,905.89	Filing
December 2019 (Nov. 1-30, 2019)	$5,751,538.91	$5,768,449.98	$17,336,935.91	$7,870,851.77	Filing
November 2019 (Oct. 1-31, 2019)	$5,385,905.73	$5,634,676.70	$17,353,846.98	$9,890,430.12	Filing
October 2019 (Sept. 1-30, 2019)	$6,758,475.89	$5,344,759.24	$17,602,617.95	$11,909,994.54	Filing
September 2019 (Aug. 1-31, 2019)	$4,740,235.97	$5,500,212.89	$16,188,901.30	$13,929,262.72	Filing
August 2019 (July 1-31, 2019)	$4,787,675.39	$2,629,871.71	$16,948,878.22	$15,948,312.35	Filing
July 2019 (June 1-30, 2019)	$5,546,286.08	$3,863,708.54	$14,791,074.54	$15,967,382.88	Filing
June 2019 (May 1-31, 2019)	$4,512,788.16	$5,330,937.09	$13,108,497.00	$0.00	Filing
May 2019 (Apr. 1-30, 2019)	$4,360,277.62	$3,217,150.73	$13,921,920.07	$19,005,065.53	Filing
April 2019 (Mar. 1-31, 2019)	$5,875,324.31	$4,298,364.03	$12,778,793.18	$19,163,559.94	Filing
March 2019 (Feb. 1-28, 2019)	$3,836,700.57	$1,584,704.25	$11,201,832.90	$21,042,710.77	Filing
February 2019 (Jan. 1-31, 2019)	$4,045,134.75	$1,280,456.07	$8,949,836.58	$21,061,176.57	Filing

National Republican Senatorial Committee

See also: National Republican Senatorial Committee

The National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) reported the following fundraising amounts for the 2021-22 election cycle:

Monthly fundraising for the NRSC for the 2021-22 election cycle
Month (Dates covered)	Total receipts	Total disbursements	Cash on hand (end of month)	Debts owed (end of month)	FEC document
Year-End 2022 (November 29-December 31, 2022)	$3,372,124.04	$5,784,107.36	$8,177,735.85	$20,000,000.00	Filing
Post-General 2022 (October 20-November 28, 2022)	$12,054,403.63	$15,155,797.37	$10,589,719.17	$20,000,000.00	Filing
Pre-General 2022 (October 1-19, 2022)	$15,468,969.33	$15,452,555.70	$13,691,112.91	$20,000,000.00	Filing
October 2022 (September 1-30, 2022)	$25,016,489.17	$27,341,833.7	$13,674,699.28	$0.00	Filing
September 2022 (August 1-31, 2022)	$12,613,097.87	$19,778,682.06	$16,000,043.81	$0.00	Filing
August 2022 (July 1-31, 2022)	$8,050,263.06	$13,337,920.86	$23,165,628.00	$0.00	Filing
July 2022 (June 1-30, 2022)	$9,456,309.22	$17,006,565.16	$28,453,285.80	$0.00	Filing
June 2022 (May 1-31, 2022)	$8,018,426.36	$17,132,632.32	$36,003,541.74	$0.00	Filing
May 2022 (April 1-30, 2022)	$8,146,970.56	$7,164,015.84	$45,117,747.70	$0.00	Filing
April 2022 (March 1-31, 2022)	$13,280,793.52	$10,790,212.26	$44,134,792.98	$0.00	Filing
March 2022 (Feb. 1-28, 2022)	$11,707,886.37	$9,172,518.56	$41,644,211.72	$0.00	Filing
February 2022 (Jan. 1-31, 2022)	$18,019,008.84	$11,692,567.55	$39,108,843.91	$0.00	Filing
Year-End 2021 (Dec. 1-31, 2021)	$11,236,079.02	$8,541,350.07	$32,782,402.62	$0.00	Filing
December 2021 (Nov. 1-30, 2021)	$8,389,156.42	$7,985,767.53	$30,087,673.67	$0.00	Filing
November 2021 (Oct. 1-31, 2021)	$9,001,481.07	$7,089,100.08	$29,684,284.78	$0.00	Filing
October 2021 (Sept. 1-30, 2021)	$9,531,613.39	$6,998,909.18	$27,771,903.79	$0.00	Filing
September 2021 (Aug. 1-31, 2021)	$8,004,299.83	$6,902,129.94	$25,239,199.58	$0.00	Filing
August 2021 (July 1-31, 2021)	$7,467,414.93	$8,404,026.26	$24,137,029.69	$0.00	Filing
July 2021 (June 1-30, 2021)	$10,523,491.53	$6,153,766.10	$25,073,641.02	$0.00	Filing
June 2021 (May 1-31, 2021)	$10,375,900.98	$3,921,710.51	$20,703,915.59	$0.00	Filing
May 2021 (April 1-30, 2021)	$7,206,465.03	$5,290,732.63	$14,249,725.12	$0.00	Filing
April 2021 (March 1-31, 2021)	$8,336,221.77	$11,153,372.57	$12,333,992.72	$0.00	Filing
March 2021 (Feb. 1-28, 2021)	$6,427,393.63	$8,492,567.28	$15,151,143.52	$5,400,000.00	Filing
February 2021 (Jan. 1-31, 2021)	$8,340,640.22	$5,536,186.82	$17,216,317.17	$9,000,000.00	Filing

The National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) reported the following fundraising amounts for the 2019-20 election cycle:

Monthly fundraising for the NRSC for the 2019-20 election cycle
Month (Dates covered)	Total receipts	Total disbursements	Cash on hand (end of month)	Debts owed (end of month)	FEC document
Year-End 2020 (Nov. 24 - Dec. 31, 2020)	$43,032,018.48	$65,451,234.64	$14,411,863.77	$9,000,000.00	Filing
Post-General 2020 (Oct. 15 - Nov. 23, 2020)	$75,545,792.20	$57,053,982.04	$36,831,079.93	$18,023,850.00	Filing
Pre-General 2020 (Oct. 1-14, 2020)	$19,310,128.33	$23,608,784.20	$18,339,269.77	$10,000,000.00	Filing
October 2020 (Sept. 1-30, 2020)	$32,704,196.62	$23,655,932.90	$22,637,925.64	$6,000,000.00	Filing
September 2020 (Aug. 1-31, 2020)	$19,011,898.74	$21,811,488.95	$13,589,661.92	$0.00	Filing
August 2020 (July 1-31, 2020)	$15,049,387.89	$29,204,894.32	$16,389,252.13	$0.00	Filing
July 2020 (June 1-30, 2020)	$14,010,051.79	$23,499,907.40	$30,544,758.56	$0.00	Filing
June 2020 (May 1-31, 2020)	$10,104,413.14	$7,894,583.70	$40,034,614.17	$0.00	Filing
May 2020 (Apr. 1-30, 2020)	$11,507,707.90	$6,218,053.90	$37,827,284.73	$0.00	Filing
April 2020 (Mar. 1-31, 2020)	$9,085,278.89	$6,924,004.69	$32,537,630.73	$0.00	Filing
March 2020 (Feb. 1-29, 2020)	$11,177,348.56	$6,035,717.70	$30,376,356.53	$0.00	Filing
February 2020 (Jan. 1-31, 2020)	$10,054,892.65	$4,830,386.02	$25,234,725.67	$0.00	Filing
Year-End 2019 (Dec. 1-31, 2019)	$7,011,164.74	$5,011,674.33	$20,010,219.04	$0.00	Filing
December 2019 (Nov. 1-30, 2019)	$6,239,031.10	$3,233,010.22	$18,010,728.63	$0.00	Filing
November 2019 (Oct. 1-31, 2019)	$6,693,286.68	$4,757,833.35	$15,004,707.75	$0.00	Filing
October 2019 (Sept. 1-30, 2019)	$5,070,354.27	$3,636,725.01	$13,069,254.42	$0.00	Filing
September 2019 (Aug. 1-31, 2019)	$3,711,685.29	$3,778,870.03	$11,635,625.16	$1,275,000.00	Filing
August 2019 (July 1-31, 2019)	$4,346,443.23	$5,207,700.04	$11,702,809.90	$2,275,000.00	Filing
July 2019 (June 1-30, 2019)	$5,716,943.47	$4,425,850.59	$12,564,066.71	$4,500,000.00	Filing
June 2019 (May 1-31, 2019)	$4,841,510.07	$4,872,670.02	$11,272,973.83	$6,000,000.00	Filing
May 2019 (Apr. 1-30, 2019)	$4,525,407.72	$5,312,206.62	$11,304,133.78	$7,500,000.00	Filing
April 2019 (Mar. 1-31, 2019)	$7,549,651.35	$5,030,433.85	$12,090,932.68	$9,000,000.00	Filing
March 2019 (Feb. 1-28, 2019)	$6,384,969.14	$4,402,730.52	$9,571,715.18	$12,000,000.00	Filing
February 2019 (Jan. 1-31, 2019)	$5,579,820.31	$5,488,279.53	$7,589,476.56	$14,000,000.00	Filing

Special elections

See also: Special elections to the 116th United States Congress (2019-2020)

Special elections to United States Senate are often required in the event of vacancies. This table lists special Senate elections from 2019 to 2020.

Results of special elections to the 116th Congress (Senate)
Race	Election date	Incumbent	Winner	Election MOV	Previous election MOV	2016 Presidential election MOV
U.S. Senate in Arizona	November 3, 2020	Martha McSally	Mark Kelly	D+3	D+2	R+4
U.S. Senate in Georgia	January 5, 2021 (runoff)	Kelly Loeffler	Raphael Warnock	D+2.1	R+14	R+5

Historical special election data

Special elections, 2013-2022

From 2013 to 2022, 67 special elections to the United States Congress were called during the 113th through 117th Congresses. During that time, special elections were called for 23 seats vacated by Democrats and 44 vacated by Republicans.

States holding both gubernatorial and U.S. Senate elections in 2020
State	Incumbent Governor	Open Seat?	Incumbent Senator	Open Seat?
Delaware	John Carney Jr.	No	Chris Coons	No
Montana	Steve Bullock	Yes	Steve Daines	No
New Hampshire	Chris Sununu	No	Jeanne Shaheen	No
North Carolina	Roy Cooper	No	Thom Tillis	No
West Virginia	Jim Justice	No	Shelley Moore Capito	No

Important dates and deadlines

The table below lists filing deadlines and primary dates in each state for Democratic Party and Republican Party candidates for congressional and state-level office.

Primary dates and filing deadlines, 2020
State	Filing deadline for primary candidates	Primary date	Primary runoff date
Alabama	11/08/2019	03/03/2020	7/14/2020
Arkansas	11/12/2019	03/03/2020	03/31/2020
Illinois	12/02/2019	03/17/2020	N/A
California	12/06/2019	03/03/2020	N/A
Texas	12/09/2019	03/03/2020	07/14/2020
Ohio	12/18/2019	04/28/2020	N/A
North Carolina	12/20/2019	03/03/2020	06/23/2020
Mississippi	01/10/2020	03/10/2020	06/23/2020
Kentucky	01/10/2020	06/23/2020	N/A
Maryland	01/24/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
West Virginia	01/25/2020	06/09/2020	N/A
Indiana	02/07/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
Pennsylvania	02/18/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
Nebraska	03/02/2020	05/12/2020	N/A
Georgia	03/06/2020	06/09/2020	08/11/2020
Montana	03/09/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
New Mexico	03/10/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
Oregon	03/10/2020	05/19/2020	N/A
Idaho	03/13/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
Iowa	03/13/2020	06/02/2020	N/A
Nevada	03/13/2020	06/09/2020	N/A
Maine	03/16/2020	07/14/2020	N/A
Colorado	03/17/2020	06/30/2020	N/A
Utah	03/19/2020	06/30/2020	N/A
Virginia	03/26/2020	06/23/2020	N/A
New Jersey	03/30/2020	07/07/2020	N/A
South Carolina	03/30/2020	06/09/2020	06/23/2020
Missouri	03/31/2020	08/04/2020	N/A
South Dakota	03/31/2020	06/02/2020	08/11/2020
New York	04/02/2020	06/23/2020	N/A
Tennessee	04/02/2020	08/06/2020	N/A
Arizona	04/06/2020	08/04/2020	N/A
North Dakota	04/06/2020	06/09/2020	N/A
Oklahoma	04/10/2020	06/30/2020	08/25/2020
Michigan	04/21/2020 (offices with option to pay filing fee) & 05/08/2020 (offices requiring nominating petitions)	08/04/2020	N/A
Florida	04/24/2020 (congressional and judicial offices) & 6/12/2020 (state legislators)	08/18/2020	N/A
Massachusetts	05/05/2020 (local) & 06/02/2020 (state)	09/01/2020	N/A
Washington	05/15/2020	08/04/2020	N/A
Vermont	05/28/2020	08/11/2020	N/A
Wyoming	05/29/2020	08/18/2020	N/A
Alaska	06/01/2020	08/18/2020	N/A
Kansas	06/01/2020	08/04/2020	N/A
Wisconsin	06/01/2020	08/11/2020	N/A
Hawaii	06/02/2020	08/08/2020	N/A
Minnesota	06/02/2020	08/11/2020	N/A
Connecticut	06/11/2020	08/11/2020	N/A
New Hampshire	06/12/2020	09/08/2020	N/A
Rhode Island	06/24/2020 (declaration of candidacy due) 07/10/2020 (nomination papers due)	09/08/2020	N/A
Delaware	07/14/2020	09/15/2020	N/A
Louisiana	07/24/2020	11/03/2020	N/A

Filed candidates by political party

As of September 7, 2020, 519 candidates were filed with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to run for U.S. Senate in 2020. Of those, 402—199 Democrats and 203 Republicans—were from one of the two major political parties. In 2018, 527 candidates filed with the FEC to run for U.S. Senate, including 137 Democrats and 240 Republicans.

The following chart shows the number of filed candidates by political party.

Congressional approval rating

See also: Ballotpedia's Polling Index: Congressional approval rating

The congressional approval rating indicates public satisfaction in the job performance of the members of the United States Congress. It is the percentage of people polled who responded favorably toward the work of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.

Noteworthy events

Supreme Court vacancy, 2020

See also: Supreme Court vacancy, 2020

Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg died on September 18, 2020. The Senate Judiciary Committee holds hearings and votes on Supreme Court nominees. The committee’s practice has been to send nominations, regardless of whether the nominee wins a majority of the committee vote, to the full Senate to allow the chamber to decide whether he or she should be confirmed.

Ballot access requirements

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in the 2020 election cycle. Note that the below information is not comprehensive. Additional information will be added as it becomes available.

Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2020
State	Office	Party	Signatures required	Signature formula	Filing fee	Filing fee formula	Filing deadline	Source
Alabama	U.S. Senate	Democratic	N/A	N/A	$3,480.00	2% of annual salary	11/8/2019	Source
Alabama	U.S. Senate	Republican	N/A	N/A	$3,480.00	2% of annual salary	11/8/2019	Source
Alabama	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	51,588	3% of votes cast for governor in the last election	N/A	N/A	3/3/2020	Source
Alaska	U.S. Senate	Democratic	N/A	N/A	$100.00	Fixed number	6/1/2020	Source
Alaska	U.S. Senate	Independence	N/A	N/A	$100.00	Fixed number	6/1/2020	Source
Alaska	U.S. Senate	Republican	N/A	N/A	$100.00	Fixed number	6/1/2020	Source
Alaska	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	2,850	1% of votes cast in the last general election	N/A	N/A	8/18/2020	Source
Arizona	U.S. Senate	Democratic	6,325	0.5% of qualified voters	N/A	N/A	4/6/2020	Source
Arizona	U.S. Senate	Libertarian	3,335	0.5% of qualified voters	N/A	N/A	4/6/2020	Source
Arizona	U.S. Senate	Republican	6,663	0.5% of qualified voters	N/A	N/A	4/6/2020	Source
Arizona	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	39,039	3% of qualified voters	N/A	N/A	4/6/2020	Source
Arkansas	U.S. Senate	Democratic	N/A	N/A	$12,000.00	Fixed number	11/12/2019	Source
Arkansas	U.S. Senate	Republican	N/A	N/A	$20,000.00	Fixed number	11/12/2019	Source
Arkansas	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	10,000	3% of total votes cast for governor in the last election, not to exceed 10,000	N/A	N/A	5/1/2020	Source
Colorado	U.S. Senate	Major party	10,500	1,500 per congressional district	N/A	N/A	3/17/2020	Source
Colorado	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	7,000	1,000 signatures from each congressional district	N/A	N/A	7/9/2020	Source
Delaware	U.S. Senate	Democratic	N/A	N/A	$10,440.00	Fixed number	7/14/2020	Source
Delaware	U.S. Senate	Republican	N/A	N/A	TBD	Fixed number	7/14/2020	Source
Delaware	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	7,124	1% of all eligible voters	N/A	N/A	9/1/2020	Source
Georgia	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$5,220.00	3% of annual salary	3/6/2020	Source
Georgia	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	51,686	1% of voters eligible to vote for the office in the last election	$5,220.00	3% of annual salary	7/14/2020	Source
Idaho	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$500.00	Fixed number	3/13/2020	Source
Idaho	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	1,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	3/13/2020	Source
Illinois	U.S. Senate	Democratic and Republican	5,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	12/2/2019	Source
Illinois	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	25,000	1% of voters or 25,000 voters, whichever is fewer	N/A	N/A	6/22/2020	Source
Iowa	U.S. Senate	Democratic	3,155	0.5% of votes cast for the party's candidate for governor in 2018	N/A	N/A	3/13/2020	Source
Iowa	U.S. Senate	Republican	3,337	0.5% of votes cast for the party's candidate for governor in 2018	N/A	N/A	3/13/2020	Source
Iowa	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	1,500	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	3/13/2020	Source
Kansas	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$1,760.00	1% of annual salary plus administrative fees	6/1/2020	Source
Kansas	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	5,000	Fixed number	$20.00	Fixed number (administrative fee)	8/3/2020	Source
Kentucky	U.S. Senate	All parties	2	Fixed number	$500.00	Fixed number	1/28/2020	Source
Kentucky	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	5,000	Fixed number	$500.00	Fixed number	6/2/2020	Source
Louisiana	U.S. Senate	All parties	N/A	N/A	$900.00	Fixed number	7/17/2020	Source
Louisiana	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	N/A	N/A	$900.00	Fixed number	7/17/2020	Source
Maine	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	2,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	3/16/2020	Source
Maine	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	4,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	6/1/2020	Source
Massachusetts	U.S. Senate	All parties	10,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	6/2/2020	Source
Massachusetts	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	10,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	8/25/2020	Source
Michigan	U.S. Senate	Major party	15,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	5/8/2020	Source
Michigan	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	30,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	7/16/2020	Source
Minnesota	U.S. Senate	Major party	N/A	N/A	$400.00	Fixed number	6/2/2020	Source
Minnesota	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	2,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	6/2/2020	Source
Mississippi	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$1,000.00	Fixed number	1/10/2020	Source
Mississippi	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	1,000	Fixed number	$1,000.00	Fixed number	1/10/2020	Source
Montana	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	3/9/2020	Source
Montana	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	12,694	5% of total votes cast for successful candidate in the last general election	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	6/1/2020	Source
Nebraska	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	3/2/2020	Source
Nebraska	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	4,000	Fixed number	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	8/3/2020	Source
New Hampshire	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$100.00	Fixed number	6/12/2020	Source
New Hampshire	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	3,000	Fixed number	$100.00	Fixed number	9/2/2020	Source
New Jersey	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	1,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	3/30/2020	Source
New Jersey	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	800	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	6/2/2020	Source
New Mexico	U.S. Senate	Democratic	3,518-7,036	2%-4% of votes cast for all of the party's gubernatorial candidates in the last primary	N/A	N/A	3/10/2020	Source
New Mexico	U.S. Senate	Libertarian	230-460	2%-4% of votes cast for all of the party's gubernatorial candidates in the last primary	N/A	N/A	3/10/2020	Source
New Mexico	U.S. Senate	Republican	1,503-3,006	2%-4% of votes cast for all of the party's gubernatorial candidates in the last primary	N/A	N/A	3/10/2020	Source
New Mexico	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	20,894	3% of all votes cast for governor in the last election	N/A	N/A	6/25/2020	Source
North Carolina	U.S. Senate	Recognized party	N/A	N/A	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	12/20/2019	Source
North Carolina	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	71,545	1.5% of all votes cast for governor in the last election	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	3/3/2020	Source
Oklahoma	U.S. Senate	All candidates	N/A	N/A	$2,000.00	Fixed number	4/10/2020	Source
Oregon	U.S. Senate	Major party	N/A	N/A	$150.00	Fixed number	3/10/2020	Source
Oregon	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	20,014	1% of votes cast in the district for president	N/A	N/A	8/25/2020	Source
Rhode Island	U.S. Senate	Recognized party	1,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	7/16/2020	Source
Rhode Island	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	1,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	7/16/2020	Source
South Carolina	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	N/A	N/A	$10,440.00	1% of annual salary multiplied by term of office	3/30/2020	Source
South Carolina	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	10,000	5% of active registered voters in the state, or 10,000, whichever is less	N/A	N/A	8/17/2020	Source
South Dakota	U.S. Senate	Democratic	1,615	1% of all votes cast for Democratic gubernatorial nominee in last election	N/A	N/A	3/31/2020	Source
South Dakota	U.S. Senate	Republican	1,730	1% of all votes cast for Republican gubernatorial nominee in last election	N/A	N/A	3/31/2020	Source
South Dakota	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	3,393	1% of all votes cast for governor in the last election	N/A	N/A	4/28/2020	Source
Tennessee	U.S. Senate	All candidates	25	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	4/2/2020	Source
Texas	U.S. Senate	Democratic or Republican	N/A	N/A	$5,000.00	Fixed number	12/9/2019	Source
Texas	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	83,717	1% of all votes cast for governor in the last election	N/A	N/A	12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 6/25/2020 (final filing deadline)	Source
Virginia	U.S. Senate	Qualified party	10,000	Fixed number	$3,480.00	2% of annual salary	3/26/2020	Source
Virginia	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	10,000	Fixed number	N/A	N/A	6/9/2020	Source
West Virginia	U.S. Senate	Recognized party	N/A	N/A	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	1/25/2020	Source
West Virginia	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	4,537	1% of all votes cast in the last election for the office being sought	$1,740.00	1% of annual salary	7/31/2020	Source
Wyoming	U.S. Senate	Major party	N/A	N/A	$200.00	Fixed number	5/29/2020	Source
Wyoming	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	4,025	2% of all votes cast for U.S. Representative in the last election	$200.00	Fixed number	8/25/2020	Source

Wave elections

See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)

In a July 2018 report, Ballotpedia defined wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in the last 100 years resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party. U.S. Senate waves from 1918 to 2016 are listed in the table below.

U.S. Senate wave elections
Year	President	Party	Election type	Senate seats change	Senate majority
1932	Hoover	R	Presidential	-13	D (flipped)
1958	Eisenhower	R	Second midterm	-12	D
1980	Carter	D	Presidential	-11	R (flipped)
1946	Truman	D	First midterm	-10	R (flipped)
1942	Roosevelt	D	Third midterm	-9	D
2014	Obama	D	Second midterm	-9	R (flipped)
1986	Reagan	R	Second midterm	-8	D (flipped)
2008	George W. Bush	R	Presidential	-8	D
1926	Coolidge	R	First midterm	-7	R
1930	Hoover	R	First midterm	-7	R

Analysis of federal elections, 2020

See also: Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2020

All 435 U.S. House seats, 34 U.S. Senate seats, and the presidency were up for regular elections in the 2020 elections. At the time of the election, the president and a majority of members of the U.S. Senate were Republicans, while a majority of members of the U.S. House were Democrats.

Election analysis

Presidential election

• Presidential battleground states
• Presidential campaign pageviews on Ballotpedia, 2020
  • Presidential campaign pageviews following caucuses and primaries, 2020
  • Presidential debate pageviews on Ballotpedia, 2020
• Presidential election campaign finance, 2020
• Comparison of 2020 presidential candidates to congressional and gubernatorial candidates by state
• Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024

Congressional elections

• Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection report
• Control of the U.S. Senate
• Control of the U.S. House
• U.S. Senate battlegrounds, 2020
• U.S. House battlegrounds, 2020
• List of U.S. Congress incumbents who did not run for re-election in 2020
• New members elected to Congress
• U.S. House districts represented by a Republican and won by Hillary Clinton in 2016
• U.S. House districts represented by a Democrat and won by Donald Trump in 2016
• Congressional margin of victory analysis
  • Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer
• Congressional retirements by month, 2011-2020
• Comparison of state delegations to the 116th and 117th Congresses
• Rematches in 2020 general elections
• Party committee fundraising, 2019-2020
• States with both gubernatorial and U.S. Senate elections in 2020
• Analysis of rejected ballots in the 2020 general election
• Analysis of ballot curing in the 2020 general election
• Analysis of voter turnout in the 2020 general election
• Results of U.S. House elections in presidential election years, 1920-2020
• Ballotpedia's Top 15 elections to watch, 2020
• U.S. House leadership elections, 2021
• Annual Congressional Competitiveness Report, 2020

• U.S. House elections without a Democratic or Republican candidate, 2020

• Third-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory, 2020

See also

• United States Congress elections, 2020
• United States House of Representatives elections, 2020
• Special elections to the 116th United States Congress (2019-2020)
• United States Congress
• United States Senate
• United States House of Representatives
• 116th United States Congress
• Annual Congressional Competitiveness Report, 2020

External links

• Search Google News for this topic
• United States Senate