New Mexico State Senate
New Mexico State Senate | |
General Information | |
Party control: | Democrat |
Session start: | January 21, 2025 |
Session end: | March 22, 2025 |
Term length: | 4 years |
Term limits: | None |
Redistricting: | Legislature-dominant |
Salary: | $0/year + per diem |
Members | |
Total: | 42 |
Democrats: | 26 |
Republicans: | 16 |
Other: | 0 (independent) |
Vacancies: | 0 |
Leadership | |
President: | Howie Morales (D) |
Maj. Leader: | Peter Wirth (D) |
Min. Leader: | William Sharer (R) |
Elections | |
Last election: | November 5, 2024 |
Next election: | November 7, 2028 |
The New Mexico State Senate is the upper chamber of the New Mexico State Legislature. Alongside the New Mexico House of Representatives, it forms the legislative branch of the New Mexico state government and works alongside the governor of New Mexico to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the New Mexico State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.
The New Mexico State Senate meets in the state capitol building in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
New Mexico has a Democratic trifecta. The Democratic Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature. |
This page contains the following information on the New Mexico State Senate.
- Which party controls the chamber
- The chamber's current membership
- Partisan control of the chamber over time
- Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
- A district map
- How redistricting works in the state
- Legislation currently under consideration
- Legislative session dates
- Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
- A list of committees
Party control
Current partisan control
The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the New Mexico State Senate as of March 2025:
Party | As of March 2025 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 26 | |
Republican Party | 16 | |
Independent | 0 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 42 |
Members
Leadership
The lieutenant governor of New Mexico is the presiding officer of the Senate and in that capacity is referred to as president of the Senate. However, the lieutenant governor can only vote in the case of a tie. The Senate Committees' Committee exercises leadership and administrative control of the Senate. The committee is chaired by the president pro tempore and is made up of majority and minority leaders.[1][2]
Leadership and members
- Senate president: Howie Morales (D)
- President Pro Tem: Mimi Stewart (D)
- Majority leader: Peter Wirth (D)
- Minority leader: William Sharer (R)
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
State legislative salaries, 2024[3] | |
---|---|
Salary | Per diem |
$0/year | $191/day |
Swearing in dates
New Mexico legislators assume office on the first day of January after a general election.[4]
Membership qualifications
Article 4, Section 3 of the New Mexico Constitution states:
“ | Senators shall not be less than twenty-five years of age and representatives not less than twenty-one years of age at the time of their election. If any senator or representative permanently removes his residence from or maintains no residence in the district from which he was elected, then he shall be deemed to have resigned and his successor shall be selected as provided in Section 4 of this article. No person shall be eligible to serve in the legislature who, at the time of qualifying, holds any office of trust or profit with the state, county or national governments, except notaries public and officers of the militia who receive no salary.[5][6] | ” |
Historical party control
Democrats won control of the New Mexico State Senate in 1988. In 2024, they won a 26-16 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the New Mexico Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
New Mexico State Senate election results: 1992-2024
Party | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democrats | 27 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 26 |
Republicans | 15 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 16 |
Trifecta history
A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, New Mexico was under the following types of trifecta control:
- Democratic trifecta: 1992-1994, 2003-2010, 2019-2023
- Republican trifecta: None
- Divided government: 1995-2002, 2011-2018
New Mexico Party Control: 1992-2025
Eighteen years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Elections
Elections by year
New Mexico state senators serve four-year terms, with all seats up for election every four years. New Mexico holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2024
- See also: New Mexico State Senate elections, 2024
Elections for the New Mexico State Senate took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 4, 2024. The filing deadline was March 12, 2024.
2020
- See also: New Mexico State Senate elections, 2020
Elections for the office of New Mexico State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 2, 2020. The filing deadline was March 10, 2020.
Heading into the election, Democrats held a 26-16 majority. Democrats gained a net one seat from Republicans, expanding their majority to 27-15.
New Mexico State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
Democratic Party | 26 | 27 | |
Republican Party | 16 | 15 | |
Total | 42 | 42 |
2016
- See also: New Mexico State Senate elections, 2016
Elections for the New Mexico State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election took place on June 7, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 8, 2016. All 42 seats in the New Mexico State Senate were up for election in 2016.
The New Mexico State Senate was one of 20 battleground chambers in 2016. Democrats gained a 26-16 majority as a result of the 2016 elections.
New Mexico State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
Democratic Party | 24 | 26 | |
Republican Party | 18 | 16 | |
Total | 42 | 42 |
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2012
Elections for the office of the New Mexico State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 5, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was February 14, 2012. All 42 seats in the New Mexico State Senate were up for election in 2012. Heading into the election, Democrats held a 28-14 majority. Democrats lost three seats in the election, giving them a 25-17 majority.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to the 94 Senate candidates was $5,111,892. The top 10 contributors were:[7]
2008
Elections for the office of the New Mexico State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 3, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. The candidate filing deadline was March 18, 2008. All 42 seats in the New Mexico State Senate were up for election in 2008. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to the Senate candidates was $4,353,112. The top 10 contributors were:[8]
2004
Elections for the office of the New Mexico State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 1, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. All 42 seats in the New Mexico State Senate were up for election in 2004. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to the Senate candidates was $2,464,793. The top 10 contributors were:[9]
2000
Elections for the office of the New Mexico State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 6, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. All 42 seats in the New Mexico State Senate were up for election in 2000. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to the Senate candidates was $3,276,213. The top 10 contributors were:[10]
|
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the New Mexico State Legislature, the board of county commissioners is responsible for filling the vacancy. There are no deadlines set by Article IV, Section 4 of the New Mexico Constitution, which governs legislative vacancies. If the legislative district spans more than one county, the boards of county commissioners each submit one name to the governor, who appoints a candidate from the list.[11] The appointed replacement serves for the remainder of the unfilled term.[12]
See sources: New Mexico Const. Art. 4, Sec. 4
District map
- See also: New Mexico state legislative districts
The state of New Mexico has 112 legislative districts. Each district elects one representative. The state Senate has 42 districts and the state House has 70 districts.
Use the interactive map below to find your district.
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in New Mexico
In New Mexico, congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the state legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[13]
State statutes require that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. Redistricting guidelines adopted in 2011 suggest that congressional and state legislative districts meet the following criteria:[13]
- All districts should be "reasonably compact."
- Districts should "not split voting precincts."
- Districts should "attempt to preserve communities of interest and take into consideration political and geographic boundaries."
These guidelines are nonbinding and may be altered by the legislature at its discretion.[13]
On April 6, 2021, Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham (D) signed SB304 into law, forming a seven-member advisory redistricting commission. The legislation bars public officials, candidates, political party officeholders, federal legislative or state employees, and the relatives of federal or state officeholders from serving on the commission. The commission's proposals do not bind the state legislature, which retains the authority to adopt, amend, or discard the proposals as it sees fit.[14]
2020
Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham (D) signed a new state House map into law on December 29, 2021, and a new state Senate map on January 6, 2022. These maps took effect for New Mexico's 2022 legislative elections. The state House approved the House map bill 43-23 on December 10, 2021, and the state Senate approved the bill 24-13 on December 16, 2021.[15] The state Senate approved the Senate map 25-13 on December 16, and the state House approved the map 38-22 on December 17.[16]
District map after 2020 redistricting
Click here to view the map. This map took effect for New Mexico's 2022 legislative elections.
2010
New Mexico received its local census data on March 15, 2011, the state grew 13.2 percent from 2000 to 2010. All of its most populous cities grew: Albuquerque grew by 21.7 percent, Las Cruces grew by 31.4 percent, Rio Rancho grew by 69.1 percent, Santa Fe grew by 9.2 percent, and Roswell grew by 6.8 percent.[17]
At the time of redistricting, Democrats controlled the Legislature while Governor Susana Martinez was a Republican. The interim committee reviewed eight House maps and nine Senate maps before the special redistricting session of the Legislature began on September 6, 2011. On September 21, the Senate passed a map on party lines, with the House following the next day. Governor Martinez (R) vetoed the maps on October 7, and the issue was sent to the New Mexico Supreme Court where a new map was adopted on January 16, 2012.[18][19]
Sessions
Legislation
The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the New Mexico State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by the House and signed by the governor after its passage in the Senate. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.
Dates of legislative sessions in New Mexico by year
2025
In 2025, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 21, 2025, and adjourn on March 22, 2025.
Click [show] for past years' session dates. | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 16, 2024, and adjourn on February 15, 2024. 2023In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 17, 2023, and adjourn on March 18, 2023. 2022In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 18, 2022, and adjourn on February 17, 2022. 2021In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 19, 2021, and adjourn on March 20, 2021. 2020In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 21, 2020, and adjourn on February 20, 2020.
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. 2019In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 15, 2019, through March 16, 2019. 2018In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 16, 2018, through February 15, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here. 2017
In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 17, 2017, through March 18, 2017. A special session was held from May 24 to May 30 to address the budget dispute between Gov. Susana Martinez (R) and the legislature.
2016
In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 19 through February 18. 2015
In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 20 through March 21. A one-day special session took place on June 8.[22] Major issues in 2015Major issues during the 2015 legislative session included making New Mexico a right-to-work state, repeal of drivers licenses for the undocumented, and an increase in the minimum wage.[23] 2014
In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 21 through February 20. Major issues in 2014Major issues during the 2014 legislative session included the economy, the budget, infrastructure, and education.[24] 2013
In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 15 to March 16. Major issues in 2013Major issues in the 2013 legislative session included education, solvency of the state's public retirement system, tax cuts for state businesses, and tougher anti-DWI laws.[25] 2012
In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 17 through February 16. Major issues in 2012In their 30-day session the legislature considered drivers licenses for illegal immigrants, voter identification, business income tax, ethics reform, and defining homeowner rights in foreclosure proceedings.[26] Gov. Susana Martinez (R) watched as the state legislature ended its session by rejecting a bill that would have repealed the law allowing drivers licenses to be issued to people without Social Security numbers. It was the third time she tried to undo the law. The bill was initially passed by the House but defeated in the Senate. The Senate instead passed a measure shortening how long the licenses are valid and imposing harsher penalties on those committing fraud.[27] 2011In 2011, the legislature was in session from January 18 through March 19.[28] 2010In 2010, the legislature was in session from January 19 to February 18. Additionally, the legislature convened a special session from March 1 to March 4.[29] |
About legislative sessions in New Mexico
The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[30] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.
Article IV of the New Mexico Constitution establishes when the New Mexico State Legislature, of which the Senate is a part, is to be in session. Section 5 of Article IV states that the Legislature is to convene its annual regular session on the third Tuesday of January. In odd-numbered years, the Legislature is to be in session for no longer than sixty days. In even-numbered years, the Legislature is to be in session for no longer than thirty days. In even-numbered years, the Legislature is limited to dealing with budgetary matters, bills that deal with issues raised by special messages of the Governor of New Mexico, and bills vetoed in the previous session by the Governor.
Section 6 of Article IV allows the Governor of New Mexico to call special sessions of the Legislature. Section 6 also allows the Legislature to meet in special session when three-fifths of each house petition the Governor with a request for a special session. Special sessions are not to exceed thirty days in length.
Legislative roles and procedures
Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.
Veto overrides
- See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in New Mexico are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members present in both chambers.
Two-thirds of members present in both chambers must vote to override a veto. If all members are in attendance, this is 47 of the 70 members in the New Mexico House of Representatives and 28 of the 42 members in the New Mexico State Senate. New Mexico is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?
Vetoes can be overridden in a special session or when the next regular session convenes, even if an election has occurred. Two-thirds of members in both chambers must agree to call for a special session.[31] |
Authority: Article IV, Section 22 of the New Mexico Constitution.
"Every bill passed by the legislature shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the governor for approval. If he approves, he shall sign it, and deposit it with the secretary of state; otherwise, he shall return it to the house in which it originated, with his objections, which shall be entered at large upon the journal; and such bill shall not become a law unless thereafter approved by two-thirds of the members present and voting in each house by yea and nay vote entered upon its journal." |
Role in state budget
- See also: New Mexico state budget and finances
New Mexico on |
New Mexico operates on an annual budget cycle, with each fiscal year beginning in July. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[32]
- Budget instructions are sent to state agencies by June 15.
- State agencies submit their budget requests by September 1.
- Public hearings are held from September through December.
- The governor submits his or her budget proposal to the New Mexico State Legislature on January 5 or January 10.
- The legislature adopts a budget in February or March. A simple majority is required to pass a budget.
New Mexico is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[32][33]
The governor is statutorily required to submit a balanced budget. Likewise, the legislature is statutorily required to pass a balanced budget.[32]
Committees
Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.
- Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
- Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
- Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.
Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The New Mexico State Senate has nine standing committees:
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the New Mexico Constitution can be amended:
The New Mexico Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution—a legislative process and a state constitutional convention.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the New Mexico State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 36 votes in the New Mexico House of Representatives and 22 votes in the New Mexico State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
A two-thirds (66.67%) vote is required during one legislative session of the state legislature to place a constitutional convention question on the ballot. A convention is held if the question receives a simple majority of the vote. Voters must also ratify amendments proposed by the convention.
2026 measures:
- See also: New Mexico 2026 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures were certified for the ballot.
New Mexico Eliminate Governor’s Pocket Veto and Require Veto Explanations Amendment | Democrats | Republicans | |||
Senate: | Required: 22 | Yes votes: 38 (90.5%) | No votes: 0 (0.0%) | Yes: 22; No: 0 | Yes: 16; No: 0 |
House: | Required: 36 | Yes votes: 66 (94.3%) | No votes: 0 (0.0%) | Yes: 40; No: 0 | Yes: 26; No: 0 |
2025 measures:
Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2025 ballot by the legislature.
- See also: 2025 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures were certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
See also
Elections | New Mexico State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
---|---|---|---|
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ New Mexico Legislature "New Mexico Legislative Handbook - Pg. 8 "Organization," accessed August 12, 2014
- ↑ New Mexico Legislature, "New Mexico Senate Leadership," accessed August 12, 2014
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ New Mexico Constitution, "Article IV, Section 4, accessed November 1, 2021
- ↑ New Mexico Secretary of State, "New Mexico Constitution," accessed February 10, 2023
- ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New Mexico State Senate 2012 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 12, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New Mexico State Senate 2008 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 12, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New Mexico State Senate 2004 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 12, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New Mexico State Senate 2000 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 12, 2014
- ↑ Justia US Law, "2021 New Mexico Statutes Section 2-8D-4," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ New Mexico Legislature, "New Mexico Constitution," accessed February 11, 2021 (Article IV, Section 4)
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 All About Redistricting, "New Mexico," accessed May 6, 2015
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "New Mexico," accessed April 19, 2021
- ↑ New Mexico State Legislature, "2021 2nd Special Session - HB 8," accessed January 3, 2022
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers New Mexico's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting," accessed February 11, 2021
- ↑ The Republic, "New Mexico's redistricting costs total nearly $8M, exceeding expenses a decade ago," August 2, 2012(Archived)
- ↑ The Republic, "Judge adopts bipartisan redistricting plan for New Mexico Senate," January 16, 2012
- ↑ NY Times, "New Mexico Supreme Court Won't Restore Funds to Legislature," May 11, 2017
- ↑ The Albuquerque Journal, "Lawmakers keep ‘fingers crossed’ as session ends," May 30, 2017
- ↑ timesunion.com, "New Mexico special session ends with capital-spending deal," accessed June 9, 2015
- ↑ University of New Mexico, "New Mexico 2015 Legislative session opens," accessed January 21, 2014
- ↑ www.santafenewmexican.com/, "Issues facing the New Mexico Legislature ," accessed January 21, 2014
- ↑ ABQ Journal, "Legislature: New Members, Old Issues," January 13, 2013
- ↑ Santa Fe New Mexican, "Election-year tension and redrawn districts set stage for political dramas at the Capitol," January 15, 2012(Archived)
- ↑ Latin American Herald Tribune, "Undocumented New Mexicans Can Still Get Driver’s Licenses," February 19, 2012
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
- ↑ New Mexico Legislature, "Session Dates," accessed August 12, 2014
- ↑ Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
- ↑ Newmexicopolitics.net "New Mexico’s veto problem," June 26, 2017
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Separation of Powers: Executive Veto Powers," accessed January 26, 2024
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