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Local electoral systems on the ballot

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Measures by state

Local electoral systems on the ballot: This topic refers to local ballot measures regarding electoral systems, defined as the method by which elections are conducted (e.g., whether officials are elected in single-winner versus multi-winner systems) or the method by which votes are tallied to determine the outcome of an election (e.g., plurality systems, majority systems, ranked-choice voting systems, etc.).

List of ballot measures

By state

Arizona

  1. Glendale, Arizona, Proposition 404, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (September 2008) Defeated

California

  1. Albany, California, Measure BB, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2020) Approved
  2. Berkeley, California, Measure I, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2004) Approved
  3. Davis, California, Measure L, Multi-Winner Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2006) Approved
  4. Eureka, California, Measure C, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  5. Irvine, California, Measure D, City Council Size and Districts Amendment (March 2024) Approved
  6. Los Angeles, California, Amendment 8, Proportional Representation for City Council Initiative (March 1913) Defeated
  7. Mountain House, California, Measure E, City Council Elections Measure (March 2024) Approved
  8. Oakland, California, Measure O, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2006) Approved
  9. Ojai, California, Measure M, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  10. Redondo Beach, California, Measure CA5, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (March 2023) Approved
  11. Richmond, California, Measure J, Top-Two Primary Election Initiative (November 2024) Approved
  12. Richmond, California, Measure L, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2024) Approved
  13. San Francisco, California, Proposition A, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2002) Approved
  14. San Francisco, California, Proposition G, District Elections for Board of Supervisors Measure (November 1996) Approved
  15. San Francisco, California, Proposition H, Preference Voting for Board of Supervisors Measure (November 1996) Defeated
  16. San Leandro, California, Measure F, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2000) Approved
  17. Santa Clara, California, Measure A, District Council Elections and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (June 2018) Defeated
  18. Santa Clara County, California, Measure F, Allow for Ordinance for Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1998) Approved
  19. Soledad, California, Measure P, City Council District Elections Referendum (March 2024) Defeated

Colorado

  1. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2A, Continue Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2009) Defeated
  2. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2B, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2010) Approved
  3. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2E, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2007) Approved
  4. Basalt, Colorado, Referendum 2A, Home Rule Charter and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2002) Approved
  5. Boulder, Colorado, Measure 2E, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  6. Broomfield, Colorado, Question 2A, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2021) Approved
  7. Carbondale, Colorado, Home Rule Charter and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2003) Approved
  8. Fort Collins, Colorado, Ballot Question 2C, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  9. Fort Collins, Colorado, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 2011) Defeated
  10. Telluride, Colorado, Question 202, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2008) Approved

District of Columbia

  1. Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024) Approved

Florida

  1. Sarasota, Florida, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2007) Approved

Illinois

  1. Evanston, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  2. Oak Park, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting for Village President and Board of Trustees Initiative (November 2024) Approved
  3. Peoria Township, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2024) Approved
  4. Skokie, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 2025) Approved
  5. Springfield, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting for Military and Overseas Voters Measure (April 2007) Approved

Maine

  1. Portland, Maine, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Measure (November 2010) Approved
  2. Portland, Maine, Question 4, Proportional Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  3. Portland, Maine, Ranked-Choice Voting for City Council and School Board Measure (March 2020) Approved
  4. Westbrook, Maine, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2021) Approved

Maryland

  1. Takoma Park, Maryland, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2005) Approved

Massachusetts

  1. Amherst, Massachusetts, Home Rule Charter, Ballot Initiatives, and Ranked-Choice Voting Commission Amendment (March 2018) Approved
  2. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Question 1, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1961) Defeated
  3. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Question 1, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1965) Defeated
  4. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 1, Multi-Winner Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2023) Approved
  5. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Measure (November 2019) Approved
  6. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting for City Council Measure (November 2019) Approved
  7. Gloucester, Massachusetts, Proportional Representation Measure (December 1949) Overturned
  8. Lowell, Massachusetts, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2019) Defeated
  9. Worcester, Massachusetts, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1960) Approved

Michigan

  1. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Charter Amendment (November 2021) Approved
  2. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Proposal B, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 1976) Approved
  3. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 1974) Approved
  4. East Lansing, Michigan, Ballot Question 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved
  5. Ferndale, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2004) Approved
  6. Kalamazoo, Michigan, Proportional Representation for City Council Measure (February 1918) Overturned
  7. Kalamazoo, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved
  8. Royal Oak, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved

Minnesota

  1. Bloomington, Minnesota, Question 1, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024) Defeated
  2. Bloomington, Minnesota, Question 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  3. Duluth, Minnesota, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2015) Defeated
  4. Minneapolis, Minnesota, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2006) Approved
  5. Minnetonka, Minnesota, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  6. Minnetonka, Minnesota, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Defeated
  7. St. Paul, Minnesota, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2009) Approved

Missouri

  1. St. Louis, Missouri, Proposition D, Approval Voting Initiative (November 2020) Approved

New Mexico

  1. Santa Fe, New Mexico, Amendment 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2008) Approved

New York

  1. New York City, New York, Question 2, Proportional Representation Amendment (November 1936) Approved
  2. New York City Ballot Question 1, Elections Charter: Ranked-Choice Voting, Vacancies, and City Council Redistricting Timeline Amendment (November 2019) Approved
  3. Port Chester, New York, Cumulative Voting for Board of Trustees Measure (October 2018) Approved

North Dakota

  1. Fargo, North Dakota, Measure 1, Approval Voting Initiative (November 2018) Approved

Ohio

  1. Ashtabula, Ohio, Proportional Representation Initiative (August 1915) Approved
  2. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 1, Cumulative Voting Amendment (May 1993) Defeated
  3. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 2, Proportional Representation for City Council Amendment (November 1988) Defeated
  4. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 6, Proportional Representation for City Council Amendment (November 1991) Defeated
  5. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 8, Proportional Representation for City Council Initiative (November 2008) Defeated

Oregon

  1. Benton County, Oregon, Measure 2-100, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2016) Approved
  2. Eugene, Oregon, Measure 20-349, STAR Voting for Mayor and City Council Elections Initiative (May 2024) Defeated
  3. Eugene, Oregon, Measure 20-51, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (September 2001) Defeated
  4. Lane County, Oregon, Measure 20-290, Score Then Automatic Runoff Voting Method (November 2018) Defeated
  5. Multnomah County, Oregon, Measure 26-232, Ranked-Choice Voting for County Elections Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  6. Multnomah County, Oregon, Measure 26-85, Repeal County Election Runoff Requirement and Allow Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1998) Defeated
  7. Oakridge, Oregon, Measure 20-364, STAR Voting for Three Election Cycles Amendment (November 2024) Defeated
  8. Portland, Oregon, Measure 26-228, Changes to City Governance and Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved

Tennessee

  1. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2008) Approved
  2. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum Ordinance No. 5677, Eliminate Run-Off Elections (November 2018) Defeated
  3. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum Ordinance No. 5884, Majority Runoff Election for Mayor Amendment (November 2024) Approved

Texas

  1. Austin, Texas, Proposition E, Ranked Choice Voting Initiative (May 2021) Approved

Vermont

  1. Burlington, Vermont, Question 4, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (March 2021) Approved
  2. Burlington, Vermont, Question 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2005) Approved
  3. Burlington, Vermont, Question 5, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2010) Approved
  4. Burlington, Vermont, Question 6, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor, School Commissioner, and Ward Election Officer Amendment (March 2023) Approved

Washington

  1. Clallam County, Washington, Amendment 1, Allow for Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2007) Defeated
  2. Clark County, Washington, Amendment 10, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Defeated
  3. Pierce County, Washington, Amendment 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2006) Approved
  4. Pierce County, Washington, Amendment 3, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2009) Approved
  5. San Juan County, Washington, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Defeated
  6. Seattle, Washington, Proposition 1A and 1B, Approval Voting Initiative and Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  7. Vancouver, Washington, Amendment 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1999) Approved


By year

2025

  1. Skokie, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 2025) Approved

2024

  1. Bloomington, Minnesota, Question 1, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024) Defeated
  2. Eugene, Oregon, Measure 20-349, STAR Voting for Mayor and City Council Elections Initiative (May 2024) Defeated
  3. Irvine, California, Measure D, City Council Size and Districts Amendment (March 2024) Approved
  4. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum Ordinance No. 5884, Majority Runoff Election for Mayor Amendment (November 2024) Approved
  5. Mountain House, California, Measure E, City Council Elections Measure (March 2024) Approved
  6. Oak Park, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting for Village President and Board of Trustees Initiative (November 2024) Approved
  7. Oakridge, Oregon, Measure 20-364, STAR Voting for Three Election Cycles Amendment (November 2024) Defeated
  8. Peoria Township, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2024) Approved
  9. Richmond, California, Measure J, Top-Two Primary Election Initiative (November 2024) Approved
  10. Richmond, California, Measure L, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2024) Approved
  11. Soledad, California, Measure P, City Council District Elections Referendum (March 2024) Defeated
  12. Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024) Approved

2023

  1. Burlington, Vermont, Question 6, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor, School Commissioner, and Ward Election Officer Amendment (March 2023) Approved
  2. East Lansing, Michigan, Ballot Question 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved
  3. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 1, Multi-Winner Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2023) Approved
  4. Kalamazoo, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved
  5. Minnetonka, Minnesota, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Defeated
  6. Redondo Beach, California, Measure CA5, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (March 2023) Approved
  7. Royal Oak, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2023) Approved

2022

  1. Clark County, Washington, Amendment 10, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Defeated
  2. Evanston, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  3. Fort Collins, Colorado, Ballot Question 2C, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  4. Multnomah County, Oregon, Measure 26-232, Ranked-Choice Voting for County Elections Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  5. Ojai, California, Measure M, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  6. Portland, Maine, Question 4, Proportional Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2022) Approved
  7. Portland, Oregon, Measure 26-228, Changes to City Governance and Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved
  8. San Juan County, Washington, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Defeated
  9. Seattle, Washington, Proposition 1A and 1B, Approval Voting Initiative and Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2022) Approved

2021

  1. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Charter Amendment (November 2021) Approved
  2. Austin, Texas, Proposition E, Ranked Choice Voting Initiative (May 2021) Approved
  3. Broomfield, Colorado, Question 2A, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2021) Approved
  4. Burlington, Vermont, Question 4, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (March 2021) Approved
  5. Westbrook, Maine, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2021) Approved

2020

  1. Albany, California, Measure BB, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2020) Approved
  2. Bloomington, Minnesota, Question 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  3. Boulder, Colorado, Measure 2E, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  4. Eureka, California, Measure C, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  5. Minnetonka, Minnesota, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2020) Approved
  6. Portland, Maine, Ranked-Choice Voting for City Council and School Board Measure (March 2020) Approved
  7. St. Louis, Missouri, Proposition D, Approval Voting Initiative (November 2020) Approved

2019

  1. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Measure (November 2019) Approved
  2. Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting for City Council Measure (November 2019) Approved
  3. Lowell, Massachusetts, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2019) Defeated
  4. New York City Ballot Question 1, Elections Charter: Ranked-Choice Voting, Vacancies, and City Council Redistricting Timeline Amendment (November 2019) Approved

2018

  1. Amherst, Massachusetts, Home Rule Charter, Ballot Initiatives, and Ranked-Choice Voting Commission Amendment (March 2018) Approved
  2. Fargo, North Dakota, Measure 1, Approval Voting Initiative (November 2018) Approved
  3. Lane County, Oregon, Measure 20-290, Score Then Automatic Runoff Voting Method (November 2018) Defeated
  4. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum Ordinance No. 5677, Eliminate Run-Off Elections (November 2018) Defeated
  5. Port Chester, New York, Cumulative Voting for Board of Trustees Measure (October 2018) Approved
  6. Santa Clara, California, Measure A, District Council Elections and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (June 2018) Defeated

2016

  1. Benton County, Oregon, Measure 2-100, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2016) Approved

2015

  1. Duluth, Minnesota, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2015) Defeated

2011

  1. Fort Collins, Colorado, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 2011) Defeated

2010

  1. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2B, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2010) Approved
  2. Burlington, Vermont, Question 5, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2010) Approved
  3. Portland, Maine, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting for Mayor Measure (November 2010) Approved

2009

  1. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2A, Continue Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2009) Defeated
  2. Pierce County, Washington, Amendment 3, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2009) Approved
  3. St. Paul, Minnesota, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2009) Approved

2008

  1. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 8, Proportional Representation for City Council Initiative (November 2008) Defeated
  2. Glendale, Arizona, Proposition 404, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (September 2008) Defeated
  3. Memphis, Tennessee, Referendum 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2008) Approved
  4. Santa Fe, New Mexico, Amendment 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2008) Approved
  5. Telluride, Colorado, Question 202, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2008) Approved

2007

  1. Aspen, Colorado, Referendum 2E, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2007) Approved
  2. Clallam County, Washington, Amendment 1, Allow for Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2007) Defeated
  3. Sarasota, Florida, Question 2, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2007) Approved
  4. Springfield, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting for Military and Overseas Voters Measure (April 2007) Approved

2006

  1. Davis, California, Measure L, Multi-Winner Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2006) Approved
  2. Minneapolis, Minnesota, Question 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2006) Approved
  3. Oakland, California, Measure O, Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2006) Approved
  4. Pierce County, Washington, Amendment 3, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2006) Approved

2005

  1. Burlington, Vermont, Question 5, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2005) Approved
  2. Takoma Park, Maryland, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2005) Approved

2004

  1. Berkeley, California, Measure I, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2004) Approved
  2. Ferndale, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2004) Approved

2003

  1. Carbondale, Colorado, Home Rule Charter and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2003) Approved

2002

  1. Basalt, Colorado, Referendum 2A, Home Rule Charter and Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (November 2002) Approved
  2. San Francisco, California, Proposition A, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (March 2002) Approved

2001

  1. Eugene, Oregon, Measure 20-51, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (September 2001) Defeated

2000

  1. San Leandro, California, Measure F, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2000) Approved

1999

  1. Vancouver, Washington, Amendment 1, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1999) Approved

1998

  1. Multnomah County, Oregon, Measure 26-85, Repeal County Election Runoff Requirement and Allow Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1998) Defeated
  2. Santa Clara County, California, Measure F, Allow for Ordinance for Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 1998) Approved

1996

  1. San Francisco, California, Proposition G, District Elections for Board of Supervisors Measure (November 1996) Approved
  2. San Francisco, California, Proposition H, Preference Voting for Board of Supervisors Measure (November 1996) Defeated

1993

  1. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 1, Cumulative Voting Amendment (May 1993) Defeated

1991

  1. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 6, Proportional Representation for City Council Amendment (November 1991) Defeated

1988

  1. Cincinnati, Ohio, Issue 2, Proportional Representation for City Council Amendment (November 1988) Defeated

1976

  1. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Proposal B, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (April 1976) Approved

1974

  1. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 1974) Approved

1965

  1. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Question 1, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1965) Defeated

1961

  1. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Question 1, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1961) Defeated

1960

  1. Worcester, Massachusetts, Repeal of Proportional Representation Initiative (November 1960) Approved

1949

  1. Gloucester, Massachusetts, Proportional Representation Measure (December 1949) Overturned

1936

  1. New York City, New York, Question 2, Proportional Representation Amendment (November 1936) Approved

1918

  1. Kalamazoo, Michigan, Proportional Representation for City Council Measure (February 1918) Overturned

1915

  1. Ashtabula, Ohio, Proportional Representation Initiative (August 1915) Approved

1913

  1. Los Angeles, California, Amendment 8, Proportional Representation for City Council Initiative (March 1913) Defeated
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