This page contains information on the historical partisan composition of state houses. For information on the current partisan composition of state houses, click here.
State senates and state house of representatives with a Democratic majority are encased in a blue ( ) box, while state senates and state house of representatives with a Republican majority are encased in a red ( ) box. Tied houses, or those governed by a multipartisan coalition, are encased in a purple ( ) box.
Election breakdowns
Below is partisan composition data at the time of major elections.
2025 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2025 and State legislative special elections, 2025
Heading into the 2025 elections, Democrats controlled 19 House chambers, Republicans controlled 28, a bipartisan coalition controlled the Alaska House, and the Minnesota House was tied.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 19
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 28
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
- State House chambers that were tied: 1
2024 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2024 and State legislative special elections, 2024
Heading into the 2024 elections, Democrats controlled 21 House chambers, Republicans controlled 27, and a bipartisan coalition controlled the Alaska House.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 21
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 27
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
Following the 2024 elections, Democrats lost control of two chambers, and Republicans gained control in one chamber and tied in one chamber.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 19
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 28
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
- State House chambers that tied: 1
2023 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2023 and State legislative special elections, 2023
Heading into the 2023 elections, Democrats controlled 20 House chambers, Republicans controlled 28, and a bipartisan coalition controlled the Alaska House.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 20
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 28
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
Following the 2023 elections, Democrats gained control of one House chamber, while Republicans lost control of one House chamber.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 21
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 27
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
2022 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2022 and State legislative special elections, 2022
Heading into the 2022 elections, Democrats controlled 18 House chambers, Republicans controlled 30, and a bipartisan coalition controlled the Alaska House.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 18
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 30
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
Following the 2022 elections, Democrats gained control of two House chambers, while Republicans lost control of two House chambers.
- State House chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 20
- State House chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 28
- State House chambers controlled by a bipartisan coalition: 1
2021 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2021 and State legislative special elections, 2021
Heading into the 2021 elections, Republicans held a majority of state house chambers. As of November 2021, 29 chambers were under GOP control, while Democrats held majorities in 19 chambers. A power-sharing agreement was established between Democrats and Republicans in the Alaska House of Representatives.
- State chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 19
- State chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 29
- One chamber with power sharing between the parties
2020 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2020 and State legislative special elections, 2020
Heading into the 2020 elections, Republicans held a majority of state legislative chambers. As of November 2020, 59 chambers were under GOP control, while Democrats held majorities in 39 chambers.[1] A power-sharing agreement was established between Democrats and Republicans in the Alaska House of Representatives.
- State chambers controlled by a Democratic majority: 39
- State chambers controlled by a Republican majority: 59[2]
- One chamber with power sharing between the parties
2019 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2019 and State legislative special elections, 2019
Heading into the 2019 elections, Republicans held a majority of state legislative chambers. As of November 2019, 61 chambers were under GOP control, while Democrats held majorities in 37 chambers.[1] A power sharing agreement was established between Democrats and Republicans in one chamber.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 19
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 29
- One chamber with power sharing between the parties
| Party
|
Number of
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state legislators
|
3,462
|
46.9%
|
| Republican state legislators
|
3,851
|
52.2%
|
| Independent state legislators
|
21
|
0.3%
|
| Third party legislators
|
14
|
0.2%
|
| Vacancies
|
35
|
0.5%
|
2018 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2018 and State legislative special elections, 2018
Heading into the 2018 elections, Republicans held a majority of state legislative chambers. As of November 2018, 67 chambers were under GOP control, while Democrats held majorities in 32 chambers.[3]
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 18
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 31
At the time of the 2018 elections, 5,332 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties.
| Party
|
Number
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,427
|
44.9%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
2,905
|
53.7%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
20
|
0.4%
|
| Third party representatives
|
8
|
0.1%
|
| Vacancies
|
51
|
0.9%
|
2017 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2017 and State legislative special elections, 2017
Heading into November 2017, the Democratic Party held the majority in 18 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 31 state houses. Nebraska has only one chamber and was counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 18
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 31
At the time of the 2017 elections, 5,326 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties.
| Party
|
Number
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,309
|
43%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
3,017
|
56%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
20
|
0.37%
|
| Third party representatives
|
12
|
0.22%
|
| Vacancies
|
53
|
0.97%
|
2016 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2016 and State legislative special elections, 2016
Heading into November 2016, the Democratic Party held the majority in 16 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 33 state houses. Nebraska has only one chamber and was counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 16
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 33
At the time of the 2016 elections, 5,348 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties.
| Party
|
Number
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,332
|
43.0%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
3,016
|
56%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
19
|
0.35%
|
| Third party representatives
|
9
|
0.17%
|
| Vacancies
|
35
|
0.65%
|
2015 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2015 and State legislative special elections, 2015
Heading into November 2015, the Democratic Party held the majority in 16 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 33 state houses. Nebraska has only one chamber and is counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 16
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 33
At the time of the 2015 elections, 5,354 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties.
| Party
|
Number of
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,336
|
43.17%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
3,018
|
55%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
19
|
0.35%
|
| Third party representatives
|
6
|
0.11%
|
| Vacancies
|
30
|
0.554%
|
2014 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2014 and State legislative special elections, 2014
Heading into November 2014, the Democratic Party held the majority in 21 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 28 state houses. Nebraska has only one chamber and is counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 21
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 28
At the time of the 2014 elections, 5,339 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties:
| Party
|
Number of
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,550
|
47.1%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
2,789
|
51.6%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
13
|
0.24%
|
| Third party (and nonvoting) representatives
|
10
|
0.18%
|
| Vacancies
|
47
|
0.87%
|
2012 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2012
Heading into November 2012, the Democratic Party held the majority in 18 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 30 state houses. The Oregon House of Representatives was evenly divided between Democrats and Republicans. Nebraska has only one chamber and is counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 18
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 32
- State houses that were split evenly: 1
At the time of the 2012 elections, 5,348 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties:
| Party
|
Number of
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
2,429
|
44.9%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
2,919
|
53.9%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
18
|
0.33%
|
| Third party (and non-voting) representatives
|
10
|
0.18%
|
| Vacancies
|
25
|
0.46%
|
2010 Elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2010
Heading into November 2010, the Democratic Party held the majority in 32 state houses and the Republican Party held the majority in 16 state houses. Montana was split evenly, with 50 Democrats and 50 Republicans. Nebraska has only one chamber and is counted under the state senate pages.
- State houses controlled by a Democratic majority: 32
- State houses controlled by a Republican majority: 16
- State houses that are split evenly: 1
At the time of the 2010 elections, 5,360 state representatives were affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties:
| Party
|
Number of
|
Percentage
|
| Democratic state representatives
|
3,010
|
55.6%
|
| Republican state representatives
|
2,354
|
43.4%
|
| Independent state representatives
|
23
|
0.4%
|
| Vacancies
|
30
|
0.5%
|
Current partisan composition
Alabama
- See also: Alabama House of Representatives, Alabama State Legislature
Alaska
- See also: Alaska House of Representatives, Alaska State Legislature
Arizona
- See also: Arizona House of Representatives, Arizona State Legislature
Arkansas
- See also: Arkansas House of Representatives, Arkansas State Legislature
California
- See also: California State Assembly, California State Legislature
Colorado
- See also: Colorado House of Representatives, Colorado General Assembly
Connecticut
- See also: Connecticut House of Representatives, Connecticut State Legislature
Delaware
- See also: Delaware House of Representatives, Delaware State Legislature
Florida
- See also: Florida House of Representatives, Florida State Legislature
Georgia
- See also: Georgia House of Representatives, Georgia State Legislature
Hawaii
- See also: Hawaii House of Representatives, Hawaii State Legislature
Idaho
- See also: Idaho House of Representatives, Idaho State Legislature
Illinois
- See also: Illinois House of Representatives, Illinois State Legislature
Indiana
- See also: Indiana House of Representatives, Indiana State Legislature
Iowa
- See also: Iowa House of Representatives, Iowa State Legislature
Kansas
- See also: Kansas House of Representatives, Kansas State Legislature
Kentucky
- See also: Kentucky House of Representatives, Kentucky State Legislature
Louisiana
- See also: Louisiana House of Representatives, Louisiana State Legislature
Maine
- See also: Maine House of Representatives, Maine State Legislature
Maryland
- See also: Maryland House of Delegates, Maryland State Legislature
Massachusetts
- See also: Massachusetts House of Representatives, Massachusetts State Legislature
Michigan
- See also: Michigan House of Representatives, Michigan State Legislature
Minnesota
- See also: Minnesota House of Representatives, Minnesota State Legislature
Mississippi
- See also: Mississippi House of Representatives, Mississippi State Legislature
Missouri
- See also: Missouri House of Representatives, Missouri State Legislature
Montana
- See also: Montana House of Representatives, Montana State Legislature
Nebraska
- See also: Nebraska State Legislature
The Nebraska legislature is nonpartisan.
Nevada
- See also: Nevada Assembly, Nevada State Legislature
New Hampshire
- See also: New Hampshire House of Representatives, New Hampshire State Legislature
New Jersey
- See also: New Jersey General Assembly, New Jersey State Legislature
New Mexico
- See also: New Mexico House of Representatives, New Mexico State Legislature
New York
- See also: New York State Assembly, New York State Legislature
North Carolina
- See also: North Carolina House of Representatives, North Carolina State Legislature
North Dakota
- See also: North Dakota House of Representatives, North Dakota State Legislature
Ohio
- See also: Ohio House of Representatives, Ohio State Legislature
Oklahoma
- See also: Oklahoma House of Representatives, Oklahoma State Legislature
Oregon
- See also: Oregon House of Representatives, Oregon State Legislature
Pennsylvania
- See also: Pennsylvania House of Representatives, Pennsylvania State Legislature
Rhode Island
- See also: Rhode Island House of Representatives, Rhode Island State Legislature
South Carolina
- See also: South Carolina House of Representatives, South Carolina State Legislature
South Dakota
- See also: South Dakota House of Representatives, South Dakota State Legislature
Tennessee
- See also: Tennessee House of Representatives, Tennessee State Legislature
Texas
- See also: Texas House of Representatives, Texas State Legislature
Utah
- See also: Utah House of Representatives, Utah State Legislature
Vermont
- See also: Vermont House of Representatives, Vermont State Legislature
Virginia
- See also: Virginia House of Delegates, Virginia State Legislature
Washington
- See also: Washington House of Representatives, Washington State Legislature
West Virginia
- See also: West Virginia House of Delegates, West Virginia State Legislature
Wisconsin
- See also: Wisconsin State Assembly, Wisconsin State Legislature
Wyoming
- See also: Wyoming House of Representatives, Wyoming State Legislature
See also
External links
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Although the Nebraska State Senate elects its members in nonpartisan elections, members of the chamber generally function along party lines when it comes to voting and caucusing. Please see Nebraska State Senate partisan affiliation for more information. Cite error: Invalid
<ref> tag; name "nebraska" defined multiple times with different content
- ↑ Includes Nebraska, which is officially nonpartisan. For more information on how Ballotpedia determined the partisan affiliation of Nebraska senators, please click here.
- ↑ Although the Nebraska State Senate elects its members in nonpartisan elections, members of the chamber generally function along party lines when it comes to voting and caucusing. Please see Nebraska State Senate partisan affiliation for more information.
- ↑ Excludes three nonvoting members representing the Penobscot Nation, the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians.
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