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American Indian issues ballot measures

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As a state ballot measure topic, American Indian issues include measures related to American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, and other Native American groups. These measures may address state-tribal relations, compacts and treaties, voting rights and elections, and other related matters. The topic is grouped within the social issue policy area.

This page provides information on:

Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2025 ballot measures and 2026 ballot measures
The following is a list of state ballot measures related to American Indian issues certified for this year and future elections:

There are no ballot measures related to this topic that have qualified for the ballot.

List of state ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to American Indian issues, organized by year or state.

2023

  1. Maine Question 6, Require Indian Treaty Obligations and Other Constitutional Provisions Included in Official Printing Amendment (2023) Approved

2022

  1. Alaska State Recognition of American Indian Tribes Initiative (2022)
  2. California Proposition 26, Legalize Sports Betting on American Indian Lands Initiative (2022) Defeated

2014

  1. California Proposition 48, American Indian Gaming Compacts Referendum (2014) Defeated

2012

  1. North Dakota University "Fighting Sioux" Referendum, Measure 4 (June 2012) Approved

2008

  1. California Proposition 94, Pechanga Band of Luiseno Mission Indians Gaming Compact Referendum (February 2008) Approved
  2. California Proposition 95, Morongo Band of Mission Indians Gaming Compact Referendum (February 2008) Approved
  3. California Proposition 96, Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation Gaming Compact Referendum (February 2008) Approved
  4. California Proposition 97, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Gaming Compact Referendum (February 2008) Approved

2007

  1. Maine Question 1, Gaming and Racing Facility Initiative (2007) Defeated

2004

  1. California Proposition 68, Tribal Gaming Compacts Initiative (2004) Defeated
  2. California Proposition 70, Tribal Gaming Compacts Initiative (2004) Defeated
  3. Oklahoma State Question 712, State-Tribal Gaming Measure (2004) Approved

2003

  1. Maine Question 3, Permit Passamaquoddy Tribe and Penobscot Nation to Open a Casino Initiative (2003) Defeated

2002

  1. Arizona Proposition 200, Tribal Gaming Compacts Initiative (2002) Defeated
  2. Arizona Proposition 201, Expansion of Slot Machines and Tribal Gaming Compacts Initiative (2002) Defeated
  3. Arizona Proposition 202, Tribal Gaming Compacts Initiative (2002) Approved
  4. Idaho State-Tribal Gambling Compact Initiative, Initiative 1 (2002) Approved

2000

  1. California Proposition 1A, Gambling on Tribal Lands Amendment (March 2000) Approved
  2. California Proposition 29, Pala Tribal Gaming Compacts Referendum (March 2000) Approved

1998

  1. California Proposition 5, the Tribal-State Gaming Compacts Initiative (1998) Approved

1996

  1. Arizona Proposition 201, Uniform Gaming Compacts with Indian Tribes Initiative (1996) Approved
  2. Washington Initiative 671, Gaming on Native American Lands Measure (1996) Defeated

1995

  1. Washington Initiative 651, Unrestricted Gambling on Tribal Land Measure (1995) Defeated

1992

  1. Montana Native Americans on Board of Regents, C-24 (1992) Defeated

1986

  1. Wisconsin Question 3, Delete Obsolete Provision Regarding Voting on Indian Lands Amendment (April 1986) Approved

1984

  1. Washington Initiative 456, Steelhead Game Fish Classification, State Control of Natural Resources, and Treaty Rights Measure (1984) Approved

1978

  1. Hawaii Discrimination and Hawaiian Studies, Amendment 20 (1978) Approved
  2. Hawaii Traditional and Customary Rights, Amendment 29 (1978) Approved

1972

  1. Maine State Guaranteed Loans for Native American Housing, Proposed Constitutional Amendment No. 1 (1972) Approved
  2. Maine Vocational Technical and Reservation Schools Funding, Referendum Question No. 1 (1972) Approved

1969

  1. Maine Educational Facilities and Land Acquisition, Referendum Question No. 9 (1969) Approved
  2. Maine Native American Reservation Water and Sewage Facilities, Referendum Question No. 5 (1969) Approved

1968

  1. Maine Native American Reservation School, Water and Sewage Facilities, Referendum Question No. 1 (1968) Approved

1964

  1. New Mexico Proposed Amendment, Absentee Voting, Removal of Voting Restrictions for Women and Indians (1964) Approved
  2. South Dakota Referred Law 1, Native American Reservation Jurisdiction (1964) Defeated

1962

  1. Washington HJR 19, Shorten Residency Requirement for Voting and Repeal Restriction on Native American Voting Amendment (1962) Defeated

1960

  1. Minnesota Voting Location and Indian Voting Rights, Amendment 4 (1960) Approved

1958

  1. North Dakota Jurisdiction U. S. and Indian Lands, Referendum 1 (1958) Approved

1956

  1. North Dakota Jurisdiction U.S. and Indian Lands, Referendum 4 (1956) Defeated

1954

  1. Arizona Proposition 100, Prohibiting Resale of Alcohol on Indian Reservations Amendment (1954) Approved
  2. Maine Suffrage for Native Americans, Proposed Constitutional Amendment No. 2 (1954) Approved

1950

  1. Idaho Indian Right to Vote, HJR 2 (1950) Approved

1927

  1. Arizona Measure Nos. 100-101, Repeal Tax Exemption for Property within Indian Reservations Amendment (May 1927) Approved

1920

  1. North Dakota Elective Franchise Referendum (1920) Approved

1890

  1. South Dakota Native American Suffrage Amendment (1890) Defeated

See also

Footnotes

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