Wyoming House of Representatives elections, 2016
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| 2016 Wyoming House Elections | |
|---|---|
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| Primary | August 16, 2016 |
| General | November 8, 2016 |
| 2016 Election Results | |
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All 60 seats in the Wyoming House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. No changes occurred to the partisan balance of the chamber.
Introduction
Elections for the Wyoming House of Representatives took place in 2016. The primary election took place on August 16, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was May 27, 2016.
Majority control
- See also: Partisan composition of state houses
Heading into the election, the Republican Party held the majority in the Wyoming House of Representatives:
| Wyoming House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 9 | 8 | |
| Republican Party | 51 | 52 | |
| Total | 60 | 60 | |
Incumbents retiring
Thirteen incumbents did not run for re-election in 2016. Those incumbents were:
| Name | Party | Current Office |
|---|---|---|
| Richard Cannady | House District 6 | |
| David Zwonitzer | House District 9 | |
| Kermit Brown | House District 14 | |
| Ruth Ann Petroff | House District 16 | |
| Fred Baldwin | House District 18 | |
| Allen Jaggi | House District 19 | |
| Elaine Harvey | House District 26 | |
| Norine Kasperik | House District 32 | |
| Rita Campbell | House District 34 | |
| Ken Esquibel | House District 41 | |
| Glenn Moniz | House District 46 | |
| Tim Stubson | House District 56 | |
| Thomas Lockhart | House District 57 |
Note: Harlan Edmonds (R-12) resigned from the state House on August 15, 2016. Lars Lone (R) was appointed to the seat.
2016 election competitiveness
Wyoming sees improvement in electoral competitiveness.
Ballotpedia conducts a yearly study of electoral competitiveness in state legislative elections. Details on how well Wyoming performed in the study are provided in the image below. Click here for the full 2016 Competitiveness Analysis »
- In the Wyoming State Senate, there were four Democratic incumbents and 26 Republican incumbents. No incumbents faced primary opposition in the Democratic Party. There were two primary challenges in the Republican primary.
- In the House, there were 9 Democratic incumbents and 51 Republican incumbents. No state representatives faced primary opposition in the Democratic Party. There were 18 primary challenges in the Republican primary.
- Overall, 18.6 percent of Democratic incumbents and 21.4 percent of GOP incumbents faced primary opposition in all of the state legislatures with elections in 2016.
- The cumulative figure for how many state legislative candidates faced no major party opposition in November in these states was 41.8 percent. This compares to 32.7 percent in 2010, 38.3 percent in 2012, and 43.0 percent in 2014.
- More details on electoral competitiveness in Wyoming can be found below.
Races we watched
Ballotpedia identified four notable Wyoming state legislative races in 2016, two of which were state House contests.
Click here to read more about Ballotpedia's coverage of notable Wyoming races »
Primary contests
- Five Republican candidates competed for the open seat vacated by a Republican incumbent.
- ☑ Thomas Crank[2] ☐ Scott Heiner ☐ Zem Hopkins ☐ Kevin Simpson ☐ Lyle Williams
- Two Democratic candidates competed for the open seat vacated by a Democratic incumbent.
- ☑ Amy Simpson ☐ Rich Wiederspahn
List of candidates
General election
Primary election
Margins of victory
The average margin of victory for contested races in the Wyoming House of Representatives in 2016 was higher than the national average. Out of 60 races in the Wyoming House of Representatives in 2016, 46 were contested, meaning at least two candidates competed for that seat in the general election. The average margin of victory across these races was 40.9 percent. Across contested single-winner state legislative elections in 2016, the average margin of victory was 29.01 percent.[3]
| Republican candidates in the Wyoming House of Representatives saw larger margins of victory than Democratic candidates in 2016. Republicans won 51 races. In the 42 races where a winning Republican faced a challenger, the average margin of victory was 44 percent. Democrats won nine races in 2016. In the four races where a winning Democrat faced a challenger, the average margin of victory was 9.1 percent. |
| More Republican candidates than Democratic candidates saw margins of victory that were less than 10 percentage points. Seven of the 46 contested races in 2016—15.2 percent—saw margins of victory that were 10 percent or less. Four races saw margins of victory that were 5 percent or less. Republicans won four races with margins of victory of 10 percent or less. |
Wyoming House of Representatives: 2016 Margins of Victory Less than 10 Percent District Winning Party Margin of Victory District 11 R 2.0 percent District 12 R 7.2 percent District 33 R 2.2 percent District 36 D 5.9 percent District 41 R 1.6 percent District 44 D 7.9 percent District 45 D 4.6 percent
| The average margin of victory for incumbents in the Wyoming House of Representatives who ran for re-election and won in 2016 was higher than the national average. 42 incumbents who ran for re-election in 2016 won. The average margin of victory for the 31 winning Wyoming House of Representatives incumbents who faced a challenger in 2016 was 45.5 percent. The average margin of victory for all winning incumbents in contested single-winner state legislative elections in 2016 was 31.8 percent. |
| Republican incumbents in the Wyoming House of Representatives saw larger margins of victory than Democratic incumbents. 35 Republican incumbents won re-election. In the 28 races where a winning Republican incumbent faced a challenger, the average margin of victory was 49.2 percent. Seven Democratic incumbents won re-election. In the three races where a winning Democratic incumbent faced a challenger, the average margin of victory was 10.2 percent. |
Wyoming House of Representatives: 2016 Margin of Victory Analysis Party Elections won Average margin of victory[4] Races with incumbent victories Average margin of victory for incumbents[4] Unopposed incumbents Unopposed races Percent unopposed Democratic 9 9.1 percent 7 10.2 percent 4 5 55.6 percent Republican 51 44.0 percent 35 49.2 percent 7 9 17.6 percent Total 60 40.9 percent 42 45.5 percent 11 14 23.3 percent
Click [show] on the tables below to see the margin of victory in Wyoming House of Representatives districts in 2016.
| Wyoming House of Representatives: 2016 Margin of Victory by District | ||
|---|---|---|
| District | Winning Party | Margin of Victory |
| District 1 | R | 80.1 percent |
| District 2 | R | 72.2 percent |
| District 3 | R | Unopposed |
| District 4 | R | 51.0 percent |
| District 5 | R | Unopposed |
| District 6 | R | 75.2 percent |
| District 7 | R | Unopposed |
| District 8 | R | 13.9 percent |
| District 9 | R | 16.8 percent |
| District 10 | R | 66.4 percent |
| District 11 | R | 2.0 percent |
| District 12 | R | 7.2 percent |
| District 13 | D | 18.0 percent |
| District 14 | R | 19.6 percent |
| District 15 | R | 33.9 percent |
| District 16 | D | Unopposed |
| District 17 | D | Unopposed |
| District 18 | R | 60.7 percent |
| District 19 | R | 69.5 percent |
| District 20 | R | 73.3 percent |
| District 21 | R | 83.5 percent |
| District 22 | R | 15.4 percent |
| District 23 | D | Unopposed |
| District 24 | R | 17.1 percent |
| District 25 | R | 57.9 percent |
| District 26 | R | 41.1 percent |
| District 27 | R | 70.8 percent |
| District 28 | R | 56.4 percent |
| District 29 | R | 55.5 percent |
| District 30 | R | 35.6 percent |
| District 31 | R | 77.0 percent |
| District 32 | R | Unopposed |
| District 33 | R | 2.2 percent |
| District 34 | R | Unopposed |
| District 35 | R | 50.2 percent |
| District 36 | D | 5.9 percent |
| District 37 | R | 59.9 percent |
| District 38 | R | Unopposed |
| District 39 | D | Unopposed |
| District 40 | R | 61.8 percent |
| District 41 | R | 1.6 percent |
| District 42 | R | 36.5 percent |
| District 43 | R | Unopposed |
| District 44 | D | 7.9 percent |
| District 45 | D | 4.6 percent |
| District 46 | R | 16.9 percent |
| District 47 | R | 68.8 percent |
| District 48 | R | 16.8 percent |
| District 49 | R | 53.6 percent |
| District 50 | R | 64.5 percent |
| District 51 | R | 38.3 percent |
| District 52 | R | 62.0 percent |
| District 53 | R | Unopposed |
| District 54 | R | 13.5 percent |
| District 55 | R | Unopposed |
| District 56 | R | 19.5 percent |
| District 57 | R | 28.7 percent |
| District 58 | R | 61.3 percent |
| District 59 | R | 38.9 percent |
| District 60 | D | Unopposed |
Important dates and deadlines
- See also: Wyoming elections, 2016
The calendar below lists important dates for political candidates in Wyoming in 2016.
| Dates and requirements for candidates in 2016 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Deadline | Event type | Event description | |
| May 27, 2016 | Ballot access | Partisan candidate filing deadline | |
| June 1, 2016 | Ballot access | Filing deadline for new political parties | |
| August 8, 2016 | Ballot access | Filing deadline for judicial candidates | |
| August 9, 2016 | Campaign finance | Pre-primary report due | |
| August 15, 2016 | Ballot access | Filing deadline for minor and provisional party candidates | |
| August 16, 2016 | Election date | Primary election | |
| August 26, 2016 | Campaign finance | Primary report due | |
| August 29, 2016 | Ballot access | Independent candidate filing deadline | |
| November 1, 2016 | Campaign finance | Pre-general report due | |
| November 8, 2016 | Election date | General election | |
| November 18, 2016 | Campaign finance | General report due | |
| Sources: Wyoming Secretary of State, "2016 Key Election Dates," accessed June 14, 2015 Wyoming Secretary of State, "Wyoming's Campaign Finance Information System," accessed June 14, 2015 | |||
Competitiveness
Candidates unopposed by a major party
In 13 of the 60 seats that were up for election in 2016, there was only one major party candidate running for election. A total of four Democrats and nine Republicans were guaranteed election barring unforeseen circumstances.
Two major party candidates faced off in the general election in 47 (78.3%) of the 60 seats up for election.
Primary challenges
Eighteen incumbents faced primary competition on August 16. Fourteen incumbents did not seek re-election and another 28 incumbents advanced past the primary without opposition.
Retired incumbents
Thirteen incumbents did not run for re-election, while 47 ran for re-election. A list of those incumbents, one Democrat and 12 Republicans can be found above.
Results from 2014
There were 6,057 seats in 87 chambers with elections in 2014. All three aspects of Ballotpedia's Competitiveness Index—the number of open seats, incumbents facing primary opposition, and general elections between partisan candidates—showed poor results compared to the prior election cycle. States with elections in 2014 held fewer general elections between partisan candidates, fewer incumbents faced primary opposition, and more incumbents ran for re-election than in recent years.
Since 2010, when the Competitiveness Index was established, there had not been an even-year election cycle to do statistically worse in any of the three categories. See the following chart for a breakdown of those scores between each year.
| Overall Competitiveness | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2012 | 2014 | |
| Competitiveness Index | 36.2 | 35.8 | 31.4 |
| % Open Seats | 18.6% | 21.2% | 17.0% |
| % Incumbent with primary challenge | 22.7% | 24.6% | 20.1% |
| % Candidates with major party opposition | 67.3% | 61.7% | 57.0% |
The following table details Wyoming's rates for open seats, incumbents that faced primary challenges, and major party competition in the 2014 general election.
| Wyoming Legislature 2014 Competitiveness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Open Seats | % Incumbent with primary challenge | % Candidates with major party opposition | Competitiveness Index | Overall rank |
| 14.7% | 42.2% | 33.3% | 30.1 | 21 |
Historical context
Uncontested elections: In 2014, 32.8 percent of Americans lived in states with an uncontested state senate election. Similarly, 40.4 percent of Americans lived in states with uncontested house elections. Primary elections were uncontested even more frequently, with 61 percent of people living in states with no contested primaries. Uncontested elections often occur in locations that are so politically one-sided that the result of an election would be a foregone conclusion regardless of whether it was contested or not.
Open seats: In most cases, an incumbent will run for re-election, which decreases the number of open seats available. In 2014, 83 percent of the 6,057 seats up for election saw the incumbent running for re-election. The states that impose term limits on their legislatures typically see a higher percentage of open seats in a given year because a portion of incumbents in each election are forced to leave office. Overall, the number of open seats decreased from 2012 to 2014, dropping from 21.2 percent in 2012 to 17.0 percent in 2014.
Incumbent win rates: Ballotpedia's competitiveness analysis of elections between 1972 and 2014 documented the high propensity for incumbents to win re-election in state legislative elections. In fact, since 1972, the win rate for incumbents had not dropped below 90 percent—with the exception of 1974, when 88 percent of incumbents were re-elected to their seats. Perhaps most importantly, the win rate for incumbents generally increased over time. In 2014, 96.5 percent of incumbents were able to retain their seats. Common convention holds that incumbents are able to leverage their office to maintain their seat. However, the high incumbent win rate may actually be a result of incumbents being more likely to hold seats in districts that are considered safe for their party.
Marginal primaries: Often, competitiveness is measured by examining the rate of elections that have been won by amounts that are considered marginal (5 percent or less). During the 2014 election, 90.1 percent of primary and general election races were won by margins higher than 5 percent. Interestingly, it is usually the case that only one of the two races—primary or general—will be competitive at a time. This means that if a district's general election is competitive, typically one or more of the district's primaries were won by more than 5 percent. The reverse is also true: If a district sees a competitive primary, it is unlikely that the general election for that district will be won by less than 5 percent. Primaries often see very low voter turnout in comparison to general elections. In 2014, there were only 27 million voters for state legislative primaries, but approximately 107 million voters for the state legislative general elections.
Campaign contributions
The following chart shows how many candidates ran for State House in Wyoming in past years and the cumulative amount of campaign contributions in State House races, including contributions in both primary and general election contests.[5]
| Wyoming House of Representatives Donations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Candidates | Amount |
| 2014 | 118 | $872,314 |
| 2012 | 125 | $834,823 |
| 2010 | 122 | $708,841 |
| 2008 | 108 | $769,903 |
| 2006 | 109 | $585,156 |
State comparison
The map below shows the average contributions to 2014 candidates for state houses. The average contributions raised by state house candidates in 2014 was $59,983. Wyoming, at $7,392 per candidate, is ranked 40 of 45 for state house chambers with the highest average contributions. Hover your mouse over a state to see the average campaign contributions for that state’s house candidates in 2014.[5][6]
Qualifications
Section 2 of Article 3 of the Wyoming Constitution states: "Senators shall be elected for the term of four (4) years and representatives for the term of two (2) years. The senators elected at the first election shall be divided by lot into two classes as nearly equal as may be. The seats of senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the first two years, and of the second class at the expiration of four years. No person shall be a senator who has not attained the age of twenty-five years, or a representative who has not attained the age of twenty-one years, and who is not a citizen of the United States and of this state and who has not, for at least twelve months next preceding his election resided within the county or district in which he was elected."
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Under Ballotpedia's competitiveness criteria, districts that have a margin of victory of less than 5 percent are considered highly competitive. Districts that have a margin of victory from 5 to 10 percent are considered mildly competitive.
- ↑ A special election was held on August 31st to determine the primary winner. Officials say that some voters were given the wrong ballot and a winner cannot be determined.
- ↑ This calculation excludes chambers that had elections where two or more members were elected in a race. These chambers are the Arizona House, the New Hampshire House, the North Dakota House, the South Dakota House, the Vermont House, the Vermont Senate, and the West Virginia House.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Excludes unopposed elections
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 followthemoney.org, "Contributions to candidates and committees in elections in Wyoming," accessed July 28, 2015
- ↑ This map relies on data collected in July 2015.
