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United States Senate election in Florida, 2024
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| U.S. Senate, Florida |
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| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: April 26, 2024 |
| Primary: August 20, 2024 General: November 5, 2024 |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Voting in Florida |
| Race ratings |
DDHQ and The Hill: Lean Republican Inside Elections: Likely Republican Sabato's Crystal Ball: Likely Republican |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024 |
| See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th • 9th • 10th • 11th • 12th • 13th • 14th • 15th • 16th • 17th • 18th • 19th • 20th • 21st • 22nd • 23rd • 24th • 25th • 26th • 27th • 28th Florida elections, 2024 U.S. Congress elections, 2024 U.S. Senate elections, 2024 U.S. House elections, 2024 |
Incumbent Rick Scott (R) defeated Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (D) and four other candidates in Florida's U.S. Senate election on November 5, 2024. Click here for detailed results.
TIME Magazine's Nik Poli wrote the race was "a potential dark horse of the 2024 cycle," and University of Central Florida professor Aubrey Jewett said, "Florida could be decisive in helping to decide control of the U.S. Senate."[1][2]
Scott was first elected in 2018, defeating incumbent Bill Nelson (D) 50.1% to 49.9%. Scott served as governor from 2011 to 2019. Scott's website said he ran for re-election to the U.S. Senate "to continue fighting for Florida families, hold the Washington establishment and Democrats accountable, and rescue America from the destruction caused by Joe Biden and the Democrats."[3] Scott said he would run to replace Sen. Mitch McConnell (R), who announced he would step down as minority leader, as leader of the GOP. He said, "Over the years, the Senate has become the place where change oriented conservative policies come to die, and I believe now is the time to change that."[4] Scott criticized Mucarsel-Powell as extreme and said, "The most radical socialist ticket of my lifetime – Kamala Harris, Tim Walz, and Debbie Mucarsel-Powell – seeks to fundamentally destroy the promise of freedom in America for generations to come."[5]
Mucarsel-Powell was a former U.S. representative for Florida's 26th Congressional District. She campaigned on lowering costs. In her responses to Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection, Mucarsel-Powell said, "I would push legislation to lower home insurance rates by 25%, expand the Child Tax Credit to help over 1 million Florida families, and fight against the corporate consolidation of big grocery chains that drive up prices." Mucarsel-Powell also campaigned for increased abortion access, saying she was "very much in favor of pausing the filibuster and voting for a woman’s right to choose to codify Roe v. Wade."[6] Mucarsel-Powell called Scott "extreme, he’s dangerous, he’s done nothing to help us to reduce costs for families...He’s the poster child for extremism, I would say, in the Senate."[5]
Two ballot measures, Amendment 3, which would have legalized marijuana statewide and Amendment 4, which would have provided a constitutional right to abortion before viability or when "necessary to protect the patient's health, as determined by the patient's healthcare provider," were major issues on the ballot in 2024. They were both defeated.[7][8] Powell supported both amendments and said, "People are really motivated to change Florida...With women coming out to vote, with these two amendments bringing them out, with independents being really engaged, that’s going to cross the line."[9] Scott opposed both amendments and criticized Amendment 4, saying, "I think the Democrats are, I believe, extreme on this. They support abortion up until the moment of birth, they support allowing a healthy baby born alive to die just by leaving him in the corner."[10] To read more about the two ballot measures, click here. To read more about other ballot measures in Florida, click here.
Feena Bonoan (L), Ben Everidge (No Party Affiliation), Howard Knepper (No Party Affiliation), and Tuan Nguyen (No Party Affiliation) also ran.
Based on third-quarter reports filed with the Federal Election Commission before the election, Scott raised $40.4 million and spent $39.8 million, and Mucarsel-Powell raised $31.4 million and spent $29.7 million. To review all the campaign finance figures in full detail, click here.
Before the election, Decision Desk HQ rated the general election Lean Republican, and The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter, Larry Sabato's Crystal Ball and The Hill, rated it Likely Republican.
The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. Senate in the 119th Congress. Thirty-four of 100 seats were up for election, including one special election. Of the seats up for election in 2024, Democrats held 19, Republicans held 11, and independents held four.
At the time of the election, Democrats had a 50-49 majority.[11] As a result of the election, Republicans gained a 53-47 majority in the U.S. Senate.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag To read more about the 2024 U.S. Senate elections, click here.
For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:
- United States Senate election in Florida, 2024 (August 20 Democratic primary)
- United States Senate election in Florida, 2024 (August 20 Republican primary)
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Florida
The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Florida on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Rick Scott (R) | 55.6 | 5,977,706 | |
| Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (D) | 42.8 | 4,603,077 | ||
| Ben Everidge (No Party Affiliation) | 0.6 | 62,683 | ||
| Feena Bonoan (L) | 0.5 | 57,363 | ||
| Tuan Nguyen (No Party Affiliation) | 0.5 | 56,586 | ||
| Howard Knepper (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 13 | ||
| Total votes: 10,757,428 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Shantele Bennett (No Party Affiliation)
- Grace Granda (No Party Affiliation)
- Marcos Reyes (No Party Affiliation)
- A.C. Toulme (One Earth Party)
- Mason Cysewski (G)
- Salomon Hernandez (No Party Affiliation)
- Randy Toler (G)
- Samir Hazza (No Party Affiliation)
- James Davis (No Party Affiliation)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Debbie Mucarsel-Powell defeated Stanley Campbell, Brian Rush, and Rod Joseph in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 20, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Debbie Mucarsel-Powell | 68.5 | 747,397 | |
| Stanley Campbell | 19.6 | 213,777 | ||
| Brian Rush | 6.7 | 73,013 | ||
| Rod Joseph | 5.2 | 56,961 | ||
| Total votes: 1,091,148 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Donald Horan (D)
- Everett Stern (D)
- Chase Anderson Romagnano (D)
- Josue Larose (D)
- Matthew Sanscrainte (D)
- Bernard Korn (D)
- Alan Grayson (D)
- Matt Boswell (D)
- Phil Ehr (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Incumbent Rick Scott defeated Keith Gross and John Columbus in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 20, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Rick Scott | 84.4 | 1,283,904 | |
| Keith Gross | 9.4 | 142,392 | ||
| John Columbus | 6.3 | 95,342 | ||
| Total votes: 1,521,638 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Katy Sun (R)
- Angela Marie Walls-Windhauser (R)
- Shannon O'Dell (R)
- Patricia Krentcil (R)
- Joe Smith (R)
Libertarian primary election
The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Feena Bonoan advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. Senate Florida.
Voting information
- See also: Voting in Florida
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: Yes
Political Office:
- U.S. Senator (Assumed office: 2019)
- Governor of Florida (2011-2019)
Biography: Scott received his bachelor's degree in business administration from the University of Missouri-Kansas City and his J.D. from Southern Methodist University. Scott previously served in the Navy. He worked as a lawyer and owned various businesses including health care companies and an insurance company.
Show sources
Sources: Rick Scott 2024 campaign website, "About Rick," accessed October 24, 2024; Rick Scott 2024 campaign website, "5. Economy/Growth," accessed October 24, 2024; Rick Scott 2024 campaign website, "4. Immigration," accessed October 24, 2024; ; Vote Smart, "Rick Scott," accessed October 24, 2024; Britannica, "Rick Scott," accessed October 24, 2024
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2024.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "My name is Debbie Mucarsel Powell and I’m a proud mother, Ecuadorian, and Floridian– and I’m running for US Senate to defeat Rick Scott. I’ll never stop fighting for the issues important to Floridians because they’re personal to me. The people that Rick Scott has hurt with his extremist policies are my friends, my family, and my community. Only in Florida is it possible for an immigrant like me to have gone from working a minimum-wage job to serving in Congress. My story shouldn’t be the exception, it should be the rule. But under Rick Scott, those opportunities are harder to come by. Rick Scott backs Florida’s abortion ban and wrote the plan to raise taxes on the middle class and sunset Social Security and Medicare. I’m running to expand opportunities like the ones I had growing up, protect your hard-earned benefits, and champion Floridians’ freedoms. I am uniquely able to deliver on these promises because I’ve always put politics aside to bring coalitions together for investment and positive change in my community – from leading the FIU Medical School to securing better access to health care and millions of dollars for Everglades restoration while in Congress."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2024.
Party: Libertarian Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "Bonoan's journey is marked by an unwavering commitment to the principles of limited government, personal freedom, and fiscal responsibility. From her military experience, she understands the unique challenges and opportunities facing America and its diverse population. Her academic credentials, including a bachelors degree and military schools, laid the foundation for her deep understanding of policy and problem solving."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2024.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "I am the father of four, married to a wonderful partner, and deeply experienced in national politics having worked a decade on Capitol Hill as a Florida professional staff member in the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives for Bill Nelson and Lawton Chiles. My undergraduate degree is in International Studies from American University, and my graduate degree is in American Government from Georgetown University, where I also served as a University Fellow. I graduated from Cocoa Beach High School and attended Brevard Community College. For over three decades, I have worked in the private sector, raising funds for wonderful, compelling charities that make a big difference in people's lives."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2024.
Party: No Party Affiliation
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "Tuan “TQ” Nguyen came to the United States in 1997 and has established residence in the great state of Florida since 2003. In the aftermath of the Vietnam War, witnessing the poverty and suffering of the Vietnamese people under the communist rule has instilled in him compassion and a sense of justice. After having managed to flee the Vietnamese communist regime, TQ had the opportunity to live, study and work in several countries. He also had the opportunities to visit all the five continents and hence acquired a broad understanding of different systems of government and state institutions. Being an engineer by profession and a human rights advocate by vocation, TQ has blended his experiences into a unique skillset that focuses on problem-solving to help those who are the less fortunate such as victims of human rights violations and religious persecutions. TQ holds a M.Sc. in Global Strategic Communication from Florida Institute of Technology, a M.Sc. in Information Technology Management from Creighton University and a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering from Concordia University. Besides English, TQ is fluent in French and Vietnamese."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. Senate Florida in 2024.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
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Feena Bonoan (L)
American Tax Dollars Stay In America. No Foreign War Aid. There are far more noble causes right here in our own country that affect our citizens and we should be addressing like access to clean drinking water. Oppose using taxpayer dollars to support foreign conflicts.
Term Limits. US Senators become millionaires in one term on salary alone. Two terms is enough, if you couldn't do what you came to do in twelve years it's not going to happen in eighteen. Pass the Baton, congress needs term limits to promote political diversity and reduce corruption. If you are frustrated with the political status quo, term limits is a mechanism to ensure governmental accountability and refresh political leadership.
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
We can do better in Washington and Florida. Floridians have long wanted a choice in who they support for the United States Senate. My vision for this campaign is to give Floridians something to vote for and to truly work together to overcome our most pressing challenges, not just spout the empty rhetoric of failing political parties.
American democracy is a powerful tool when used properly, and I am very confident that our best days are yet to come. American democracy is not dead. On the contrary, American democracy is holding firm. It will weather the storm of extremism and obstruction that we find in the halls of Congress today if motivated people step forward and demand change. It’s time to bring the sunshine back to Florida – we can do better for all Floridians if we get our elected leaders’ heads out of the sand.
I will always champion Floridians’ rights to make their own decisions without government interference and protect our freedoms from extremists like Rick Scott who back Florida’s abortion ban with no real exceptions for rape, incest, or the health of the mother. These dangerous bans that Rick Scott supports only lead to increased rates of maternal mortality – which disproportionately affect Black women and other women of color. And now they’re coming for access to contraception and IVF – Rick Scott voted against protecting access to both. Government has no right to interfere in Floridians’ personal health care decisions, and as Senator, I would protect Floridians’ reproductive freedoms – including access to abortion, IVF, and contraception.
I will protect our retirement benefits and fight to preserve Social Security and Medicare. Our own Senator, Rick Scott, wrote the plan to end those programs as we know them. He would take away our hard-earned benefits. My mother lives with me, I take care of her, and I have seen firsthand how essential those benefits are that she worked for. I won’t let anyone take it away. Not from her, not from any of us.
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
We need to pause partisan fights and avoid gridlock to serve American people's interests.
The increasing trend of authoritarianism poses a direct threat to America's democracy and standing in the world
Feena Bonoan (L)
Reforming Insurance. Focus on solutions that increase transparency, reduce costs, and provide better coverage options for consumers.
Feena upholds the Second Amendment rights of Floridians and all Americans to own and carry firearms for self-defense, recreation, and other lawful purposes. Opposing undue restrictions on gun ownership and use, advocating for responsible gun ownership that respects individual freedoms while ensuring public safety.Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Strengthening US Foreign policy Investing in Education
Health care reformBen Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Feena Bonoan (L)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Feena Bonoan (L)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Feena Bonoan (L)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
We also have to address the attacks on our freedom and our democracy that we’ve witnessed over the past years. In the Senate, I will champion every Floridian’s freedom to make their own decisions without government interference and pass the Women’s Health Protection Act. Recent attacks on voting rights undermine democracy and disproportionately target communities of color. For democracy to thrive, we must safeguard voting rights. I will work across the aisle to pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act, which will provide critical voter protections to all Floridians.
I will also fight for democracy across our hemisphere. The United States must stand against left and right-wing dictators who are starving their people, using violence to retaliate, and forcing them to flee their home countries like Haiti and Venezuela. We must protect democracy here and abroad.Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
1. Assertiveness of authoritarian regimes (China, Russia, Iran, North Korea and extremist groups). 2. De-dollarization from BRICS and alike.
Domestic challenges: 1. Partisan extremism, putting interests of political parties over those of American people and America. 2. Climate change.
3. Weakened democracy.Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Feena Bonoan (L)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Ben Everidge (No Affiliation)
Tuan Nguyen (No Affiliation)
Campaign ads
Campaign ads
Rick Scott
| October 15, 2024 |
| September 12, 2024 |
| June 20, 2024 |
View more ads here:
Debbie Mucarsel-Powell
View more ads here:
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[12] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[13] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
The links below show polls for this race aggregated by FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, where available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation.
Race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[14]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[15][16][17]
| Race ratings: U.S. Senate election in Florida, 2024 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 5, 2024 | October 29, 2024 | October 22, 2024 | October 15, 2024 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Decision Desk HQ and The Hill | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | Likely Republican | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week. | |||||||||
Endorsements
Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
Election spending
Campaign finance
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rick Scott | Republican Party | $46,570,584 | $47,232,824 | $798,364 | As of December 31, 2024 |
| Stanley Campbell | Democratic Party | $1,509,617 | $1,391,650 | $118,434 | As of December 31, 2024 |
| Rod Joseph | Democratic Party | $31,820 | $31,820 | $0 | As of November 3, 2024 |
| Debbie Mucarsel-Powell | Democratic Party | $36,616,416 | $36,641,694 | $-25,277 | As of December 31, 2024 |
| Brian Rush | Democratic Party | $85,509 | $85,509 | $0 | As of November 11, 2024 |
| John Columbus | Republican Party | $25,900 | $25,900 | $0 | As of September 30, 2024 |
| Keith Gross | Republican Party | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Feena Bonoan | Libertarian Party | $19,717 | $19,717 | $0 | As of December 31, 2024 |
| Ben Everidge | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Howard Knepper | No Party Affiliation | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
| Tuan Nguyen | No Party Affiliation | $22,530 | $24,956 | $-2,426 | As of November 25, 2024 |
|
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
|||||
As of Oct. 28, 2024, the two major party candidates had the 12th largest difference in terms of total money raised between major party Senate candidates and the seventh largest difference in terms of total spending. Click here to learn more.
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[18][19][20]
If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.
| By candidate | By election |
|---|---|
Noteworthy ballot measures
- See also: Florida 2024 ballot measures
Two notable ballot measures were on the November 5, 2024, ballot in Florida. One would legalize marijuana possession under three ounces (Amendment 3), and the other would establish a constitutional right to abortion before fetal viability (Amendment 4). A 60% supermajority vote is required for the approval of both amendments.
Observers and officials commented on whether the amendments would increase turnout statewide.
- Wendy Sartory Link, the Supervisor of Elections for Palm Beach County, said: “A presidential election gets people excited and brings people out. But you might have folks who may not have cared as much or been as motivated to get out to vote for a president or all of the other races. Now, these amendments might just drive them out.”[21]
- Brad Coker, the CEO of the Mason-Dixon Polling & Strategy firm, said of Amendment 4: "It'll bring out younger voters of all kinds and more white, female voters, both groups which lean heavy Democratic... It’ll definitely help turn out voters in what for many was looking like a lackluster choice in the presidential race between Biden and Trump.”[22]
- Florida House Minority Leader Fentrice Driskell (D) said: “With voters paying more attention to down-ballot races, I’m optimistic we can have a reverse coattails effect where we start to drive turnout and help improve the numbers at the presidential level.”[23]
- Republican pollster Ryan Tyson disputed the idea that the amendments would increase turnout for Democrats, saying of Amendment 4: "Nobody is trying to say that abortion doesn’t animate their base to turn out — we’ve seen that everywhere... However, we haven’t seen them turn out voters that wouldn’t have already turned out, like in a presidential year."[24]
- Sen. Marco Rubio (R) said of Amendment 4: “People are going to vote, they’re going to come out and vote and I don’t think [the abortion rights measure] is going to change any turnout patterns.”[25]
Amendment 3
A "yes" vote supported legalizing marijuana for adults 21 years old and older and allowing individuals to possess up to three ounces of marijuana. |
A "no" vote opposed legalizing marijuana for adult use in Florida. |
To read more about supporters and opponents of Amendment 3, along with their arguments, click on the box below.
- Amendment 3 Support & Opposition (click to expand)
Supporters
Smart & Safe Florida led the campaign in support of the initiative.
Supporters
Officials
- State Sen. Joe Gruters (R)
- State Rep. Ashley Gantt (D)
- Democratic Party of Florida
- Florida Democratic Party Chair Nikki Fried (D)
Candidates
- Donald Trump (Conservative Party, Republican Party) - Presidential Candidate and Former President
Corporations
Organizations
Individuals
- Howard Bellamy - Musical artist
- David Bellamy (Nonpartisan) - Musical artist
- John Morgan - Florida lawyer
Arguments
Opposition
Opponents
Officials
- U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R)
- U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R)
- Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R)
- State Sen. Ben Albritton (R)
- State Rep. Sam Garrison (R)
- State Rep. Daniel Anthony Perez (R)
- Florida Attorney General Ashley B. Moody (R)
Political Parties
Corporations
Organizations
- Drug Free America Foundation
- Florida Chamber of Commerce
- Florida Sheriffs Association
- Smart Approaches to Marijuana
Arguments
Amendment 4
A "yes" vote supported adding the following language to the Florida Constitution’s Declaration of Rights: “… no law shall prohibit, penalize, delay, or restrict abortion before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider.” Amendment 4 maintained the existing constitutional provision that permitted a law requiring parents to be notified before a minor can receive an abortion. |
A "no" vote opposed amending the Florida Constitution's Declaration of Rights to provide that the state cannot "... prohibit, penalize, delay, or restrict abortion before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider." |
To read more about supporters and opponents of Amendment 4, along with their arguments, click on the box below.
- Amendment 4 Support & Opposition (click to expand)
Support
Floridians Protecting Freedom is leading the campaign in support of the initiative.[26]
Supporters
Officials
- President of the United States Joe Biden (D)
- U.S. Rep. Kathy Castor (D)
- U.S. Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D)
- U.S. Rep. Lois Frankel (D)
- U.S. Rep. Maxwell Alejandro Frost (D)
- U.S. Rep. Jared Evan Moskowitz (D)
- U.S. Rep. Darren Soto (D)
- U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)
- U.S. Rep. Frederica S. Wilson (D)
- State Sen. Lori Berman (D)
- State Sen. Lauren Book (D)
- State Sen. Tracie Davis (D)
- State Sen. Shevrin Jones (D)
- State Sen. Jason Pizzo (No Party Affiliation)
- State Sen. Tina Polsky (D)
- State Sen. Linda Stewart (D)
- State Rep. Robin Bartleman (D)
- State Rep. Lindsay Cross (D)
- State Rep. Dan Daley (D)
- State Rep. Fentrice Driskell (D)
- State Rep. Anna Eskamani (D)
- State Rep. Ashley Gantt (D)
- State Rep. Sherita Harris (Nonpartisan)
- State Rep. Dianne Hart (D)
- State Rep. Christine Hunschofsky (D)
- State Rep. Tom Keen (D)
- State Rep. Angela Nixon (D)
- State Rep. Susan Valdes (D)
- Democratic Party of Florida
- Chair of the Florida Democratic Party Nikki Fried (D)
Unions
Organizations
- ACLU of Florida
- Faith in Public Life Action
- Florida Rising
- Florida Women's Freedom Coalition
- League of Women Voters of Florida
- Men4Choice
- Planned Parenthood of Southwest and Central Florida
- The Fairness Project
- Think Big America
- Women's Voices of Southwest Florida
Arguments
Opposition
Florida Voters Against Extremism is leading the campaign in opposition to the initiative.[27]
Opponents
Officials
- U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio (R)
- U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R)
- U.S. Rep. Aaron Bean (R)
- U.S. Rep. Byron Donalds (R)
- U.S. Rep. Neal Dunn (R)
- U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R)
- U.S. Rep. Cory Mills (R)
- U.S. Rep. Greg Steube (R)
- Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R)
- State Sen. Daniel Burgess (R)
- State Sen. Jay Collins (R)
- State Rep. Jenna Persons-Mulicka (R)
- State Rep. Paul Renner (R)
- Attorney General Ashley B. Moody (R)
Candidates
- Donald Trump (Conservative Party, Republican Party) - Former U.S. President
Political Parties
Organizations
- Democrats for Life of Florida
- Florida Conference of Catholic Bishops
- Florida Family Action, Inc.
- Florida Family Policy Council
- Florida Right to Life
- Liberty Counsel
- National Center for Life and Liberty
- Priests for Life
- Students for Life Action
- Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America
Individuals
Arguments
Election analysis
Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.
- Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
- Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
- State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
- Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
Cook PVI by congressional district
2020 presidential results by 2024 congressional district lines
| 2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2024 district lines, Florida[28] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Joe Biden |
Donald Trump | ||
| Florida's 1st | 33.0% | 65.3% | ||
| Florida's 2nd | 44.0% | 55.0% | ||
| Florida's 3rd | 42.4% | 56.5% | ||
| Florida's 4th | 46.0% | 52.7% | ||
| Florida's 5th | 41.5% | 57.3% | ||
| Florida's 6th | 37.7% | 61.4% | ||
| Florida's 7th | 46.7% | 52.2% | ||
| Florida's 8th | 40.6% | 58.3% | ||
| Florida's 9th | 58.2% | 40.8% | ||
| Florida's 10th | 65.3% | 33.5% | ||
| Florida's 11th | 44.1% | 55.0% | ||
| Florida's 12th | 35.1% | 63.9% | ||
| Florida's 13th | 46.1% | 52.9% | ||
| Florida's 14th | 59.0% | 39.8% | ||
| Florida's 15th | 47.9% | 51.0% | ||
| Florida's 16th | 45.1% | 54.0% | ||
| Florida's 17th | 41.6% | 57.6% | ||
| Florida's 18th | 38.1% | 60.9% | ||
| Florida's 19th | 39.1% | 60.2% | ||
| Florida's 20th | 75.9% | 23.5% | ||
| Florida's 21st | 45.0% | 54.4% | ||
| Florida's 22nd | 58.5% | 40.9% | ||
| Florida's 23rd | 56.3% | 43.1% | ||
| Florida's 24th | 74.3% | 25.2% | ||
| Florida's 25th | 59.7% | 39.7% | ||
| Florida's 26th | 40.6% | 58.9% | ||
| Florida's 27th | 49.6% | 49.9% | ||
| Florida's 28th | 46.5% | 52.9% | ||
2012-2020
How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:
| County-level voting pattern categories | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Democratic | D | D | D | ||||
| Trending Democratic | R | D | D | ||||
| Battleground Democratic | D | R | D | ||||
| New Democratic | R | R | D | ||||
| Republican | |||||||
| Status | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 | ||||
| Solid Republican | R | R | R | ||||
| Trending Republican | D | R | R | ||||
| Battleground Republican | R | D | R | ||||
| New Republican | D | D | R | ||||
Following the 2020 presidential election, 46.6% of Floridians lived in one of the state's nine Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 40.2% lived in one of 52 Solid Republican counties. Overall, Florida was Trending Republican, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Donald Trump (R) in 2016, and Donald Trump (R) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Florida following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.
| Florida county-level statistics, 2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Democratic | 9 | 46.6% | |||||
| Solid Republican | 52 | 40.2% | |||||
| New Democratic | 2 | 6.8% | |||||
| Battleground Democratic | 1 | 4.5% | |||||
| Trending Republican | 3 | 2.0% | |||||
| Total voted Democratic | 12 | 57.8% | |||||
| Total voted Republican | 55 | 42.2% | |||||
Historical voting trends
Florida presidential election results (1900-2020)
- 17 Democratic wins
- 14 Republican wins
| Year | 1900 | 1904 | 1908 | 1912 | 1916 | 1920 | 1924 | 1928 | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1944 | 1948 | 1952 | 1956 | 1960 | 1964 | 1968 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winning Party | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | D | R | R | D | R | R | R | R | D | R | R | D | D | R | R |
This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.
U.S. Senate elections
The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Florida.
| U.S. Senate election results in Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2022 | 57.7% |
41.3% |
| 2018 | 50.1% |
49.9% |
| 2016 | 52.0% |
44.3% |
| 2012 | 55.2% |
42.2% |
| 2010 | 48.9% |
29.7% |
| Average | 53.3 | 40.8 |
Gubernatorial elections
- See also: Governor of Florida
The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Florida.
| Gubernatorial election results in Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Winner | Runner up |
| 2022 | 59.4% |
40.0% |
| 2018 | 49.6% |
49.2% |
| 2014 | 48.1% |
47.1% |
| 2010 | 48.9% |
47.7% |
| 2006 | 52.2% |
45.1% |
| Average | 51.0 | 46.5 |
Congressional delegation
The table below displays the partisan composition of Florida's congressional delegation as of May 2024.
| Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Florida | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | U.S. Senate | U.S. House | Total |
| Democratic | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| Republican | 2 | 20 | 22 |
| Independent | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vacancies | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 28 | 30 |
State executive
The table below displays the officeholders in Florida's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.
| State executive officials in Florida, May 2024 | |
|---|---|
| Office | Officeholder |
| Governor | |
| Lieutenant Governor | |
| Secretary of State | |
| Attorney General | |
State legislature
Florida State Senate
| Party | As of February 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 12 | |
| Republican Party | 28 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 40 | |
Florida House of Representatives
| Party | As of February 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 36 | |
| Republican Party | 84 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 120 | |
Trifecta control
The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.
Florida Party Control: 1992-2024
One year of a Democratic trifecta • Twenty-five years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | I | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Senate | D | S | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| House | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
The table below details demographic data in Florida and compares it to the broader United States as of 2022.
| Demographic Data for Florida | ||
|---|---|---|
| Florida | United States | |
| Population | 21,538,187 | 331,449,281 |
| Land area (sq mi) | 53,653 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White | 63.8% | 65.9% |
| Black/African American | 15.5% | 12.5% |
| Asian | 2.8% | 5.8% |
| Native American | 0.3% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Other (single race) | 4.8% | 6% |
| Multiple | 12.7% | 8.8% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 26.5% | 18.7% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate | 89.3% | 89.1% |
| College graduation rate | 32.3% | 34.3% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income | $67,917 | $75,149 |
| Persons below poverty level | 9.1% | 8.8% |
| Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2017-2022). | ||
| **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. | ||
Election context
Ballot access requirements
The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Florida in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Florida, click here.
| Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2024 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Filing fee | Filing deadline | Source |
| Florida | U.S. Senate | Ballot-qualified party | 145,040[29] | $10,440.00 | 4/26/2024 | Source |
| Florida | U.S. Senate | Unaffiliated | 145,040[30] | $6,960.00 | 4/26/2024 | Source |
Election history
The section below details election results for this state's U.S. Senate elections dating back to 2016.
2022
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Florida
The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Florida on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Marco Rubio (R) | 57.7 | 4,474,847 | |
| Val Demings (D) | 41.3 | 3,201,522 | ||
| Dennis Misigoy (L) | 0.4 | 32,177 | ||
| Steven B. Grant (No Party Affiliation) | 0.4 | 31,816 | ||
| Tuan Nguyen (No Party Affiliation) | 0.2 | 17,385 | ||
| Edward A. Gray (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 190 | ||
| Uloma Ekpete Kama (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 42 | ||
| Moses Quiles (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 33 | ||
| Howard Knepper (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 2 | ||
| Total votes: 7,758,014 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Jason Holic (No Party Affiliation)
- Carlos Barberena (No Party Affiliation)
- Shantele Bennett (No Party Affiliation)
- Ahmad Saide (No Party Affiliation)
- Timothy Devine (No Party Affiliation)
- Grace Granda (No Party Affiliation)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida
Val Demings defeated Brian Rush, William Sanchez, and Ricardo De La Fuente in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Florida on August 23, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Val Demings | 84.3 | 1,263,706 | |
| Brian Rush | 6.3 | 94,185 | ||
| William Sanchez | 5.6 | 84,576 | ||
| Ricardo De La Fuente | 3.8 | 56,749 | ||
| Total votes: 1,499,216 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Allen Ellison (D)
- Edward Abud (D)
- Joshua Weil (D)
- Alan Grayson (D)
- Allek Pastrana (D)
- Ken Russell (D)
- Coleman Watson (D)
- Albert Fox (D)
Republican primary election
The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Marco Rubio advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Florida.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Calvin Driggers (R)
- Angela Marie Walls-Windhauser (R)
- Jake Loubriel (R)
- Luis Miguel (R)
- Josue Larose (R)
- Ervan Katari Miller (R)
- Earl Yearicks IV (R)
- Kevin DePuy (R)
Libertarian primary election
The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Dennis Misigoy advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. Senate Florida.
2018
General election
General election for U.S. Senate Florida
Rick Scott defeated incumbent Bill Nelson in the general election for U.S. Senate Florida on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | Rick Scott (R) | 50.1 | 4,099,505 | |
| Bill Nelson (D) | 49.9 | 4,089,472 | ||
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0 | 1,028 | ||
| Total votes: 8,190,005 | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Joe Allen (Independent)
- Joe Wendt (L)
- Gregory Bowles (Independent)
- Carlos Garcia (Independent)
2016
The race for Florida's U.S. Senate seat was one of nine competitive battleground races in 2016 that that helped Republicans maintain control of the Senate. Incumbent Sen. Marco Rubio (R) defeated U.S. Rep. Patrick Murphy (D), Iraq war veteran Paul Stanton (L), and nine independent and write-in candidates in the general election, which took place on November 8, 2016. According to Politico, Rubio was “the first Republican senator from the Sunshine State ever to win reelection in a presidential election year.”[31][32]
Rubio called Murphy "hyper-partisan," "a rubber stamp for, God forbid, a Clinton presidency," and accused him of fabricating his qualifications.[33][34][35][36] Murphy criticized Rubio, saying, "Sen. Rubio has the worst vote attendance record of any Florida senator in nearly 50 years." Murphy's spokeswoman Galia Slayen said, "Marco Rubio is willing to abandon his responsibility to Floridians and hand over our country's national security to Donald Trump, as long as it advances his own political career."[37]
In his victory speech, Rubio said, “[I] hope that I and my colleagues as we return to work in Washington D.C. can set a better example how political discourse should exist in this country. And I know people feel betrayed and you have a right to. Every major institution in our society has failed us — the media, the government, big business, Wall Street, academia — they have all failed us. So people are so frustrated and angry. But we must channel that anger and frustration into something positive. Let it move us forward as energy to confront and solve our challenges and our problems.”[38]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican |  Marco Rubio Incumbent |
52% | 4,835,191 | |
| Democratic | Patrick Murphy | 44.3% | 4,122,088 | |
| Libertarian | Paul Stanton | 2.1% | 196,956 | |
| Independent | Bruce Nathan | 0.6% | 52,451 | |
| Independent | Tony Khoury | 0.5% | 45,820 | |
| Independent | Steven Machat | 0.3% | 26,918 | |
| Independent | Basil Dalack | 0.2% | 22,236 | |
| N/A | Write-in | 0% | 160 | |
| Total Votes | 9,301,820 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections | ||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Marco Rubio Incumbent |
72% | 1,029,830 | ||
| Carlos Beruff | 18.5% | 264,427 | ||
| Dwight Young | 6.4% | 91,082 | ||
| Ernie Rivera | 3.2% | 45,153 | ||
| Total Votes | 1,430,492 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Patrick Murphy |
58.9% | 665,985 | ||
| Alan Grayson | 17.7% | 199,929 | ||
| Pam Keith | 15.4% | 173,919 | ||
| Roque De La Fuente | 5.4% | 60,810 | ||
| Reginald Luster | 2.6% | 29,138 | ||
| Total Votes | 1,129,781 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Paul Stanton |
73.5% | 2,946 | ||
| Augustus Invictus Sol | 26.5% | 1,063 | ||
| Total Votes | 4,009 | |||
| Source: Florida Division of Elections |
||||
2024 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This was a battleground election. Other 2024 battleground elections included:
- Missouri State Senate elections, 2024 (August 6 Republican primaries)
- Vermont State Senate elections, 2024
- Washington gubernatorial election, 2024 (August 6 top-two primary)
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ TIME Magazine, "The 10 Races That Will Determine Control of the Senate," October 7, 2024
- ↑ Inside Climate News, "In Florida Senate Race, Two Candidates With Vastly Different Views on the Climate," October 9, 2024
- ↑ Rick Scott 2024 campaign website," accessed October 23, 2024
- ↑ Miami Herald, "Rick Scott says he’ll make another run for Senate GOP leader after loss to McConnell," May 22, 2024
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tallahassee Democrat, "Election 2024: Rick Scott, Debbie Mucarsel-Powell square off over US Senate seat," September 3, 2024
- ↑ Tampa Bay Times, "In Florida and beyond, Democrats campaign on suspending filibuster for abortion," May 19, 2024
- ↑ Palm Beach Post, "Florida amendments 2024 guide: School board elections; abortion; recreational marijuana," October 21, 2024
- ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Initiative #23-07," accessed May 12, 2023
- ↑ The New York Times, "Democrats Hope Abortion Will Save the Senate, but It Might Not Be Enough," September 5, 2024
- ↑ Florida Politics, "Rick Scott opposes abortion and weed pushes, but isn’t saying what he’ll do to defeat them August 17, 2024
- ↑ The number of Democratic senators includes four independents.
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
- ↑ ABC 33/40, "Abortion, marijuana ballot measures may boost Florida voter turnout" accessed June 17, 2024
- ↑ USA Today, "Abortion, marijuana measures raise hope for Democrats in Trump's home state" accessed June 17, 2024
- ↑ WCJB, "Florida Democrats optimistic about election with abortion measure on November ballot" accessed June 17, 2024
- ↑ The New York Times, "Democrats See Glimmers of Hope in Florida. Are They Seeing Things?" accessed June 17, 2024
- ↑ NOTUS, "Republicans Think Abortion Rights Supporters Will Vote for Them Too" accessed June 21, 2024
- ↑ Floridians Protecting Freedom, "Home," accessed May 17, 2023
- ↑ Florida Voice for the Unborn, "Home," accessed December 21, 2023
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed December 15, 2023
- ↑ Petition signatures only required in lieu of filing fee.
- ↑ Petition signatures only required in lieu of filing fee.
- ↑ The New York Times, "Marco Rubio and John McCain Win Primaries in Florida and Arizona," accessed September 2, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "How Rubio outdid Trump in Florida and revived his career," accessed November 15, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "Rubio: GOP has tough fight ahead to maintain Senate control," accessed August 22, 2016
- ↑ CNN, "Ahead of Florida primary, Rubio offers Trump a tepid embrace," accessed September 2, 2016
- ↑ CBS Miami, "The Making of Patrick Murphy," June 22, 2016
- ↑ Patrick Murphy for Senate, "Press Releases / Setting the Record Straight On Yesterday’s Misleading CBS Miami Report," June 23, 2016
- ↑ PolitiFact, "Mostly True: Marco Rubio has worst voting record of any Florida senator in nearly 50 years," accessed September 3, 2016
- ↑ Breitbart, "Rubio Wins Reelection Bid — Gives Victory Speech in English and Spanish," accessed November 15, 2016
