Presidential election in Connecticut, 2024

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2028
2020
Connecticut
2024 presidential election
Voting in Connecticut

Democratic primary: April 2, 2024
Democratic winner: Joe Biden (D)


Republican primary: April 2, 2024
Republican winner: Donald Trump (R)


Electoral College: Seven votes
2024 winner: Kamala Harris (D)
2020 winner: Joe Biden (D)
2016 winner: Hillary Clinton (D)
2012 winner: Barack Obama (D)


Use the dropdown menu below to read more about the presidential election in each state



Vice President Kamala Harris (D) won the presidential election in Connecticut on November 5, 2024. Former President Donald Trump (R) won the 2024 presidential election with 312 electoral votes to Harris' 226.

The Democratic and Republican parties held primary elections on April 2, 2024. Joe Biden (D) won the Democratic primary, and Donald Trump (R) won the Republican primary.

Democratic candidates have won Connecticut in each of the last eight presidential elections. The last Republican candidate to win Connecticut was George H.W. Bush in 1988.[1]

This page includes the following sections:

Candidates and election results

General election


Presidential election in Connecticut, 2024
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
Image of
Image of
Kamala D. Harris/Tim Walz (D)
 
56.4
 
992,053 7
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/J.D. Vance (R)
 
41.9
 
736,918 0
Image of
Image of
Jill Stein/Butch Ware (G)
 
0.8
 
14,281 0
Image of
Image of
Robert F. Kennedy Jr./Nicole Shanahan (Independent)
 
0.5
 
8,448 0
Image of
Image of
Chase Oliver/Mike ter Maat (L)
 
0.4
 
6,729 0
Image of
Image of
Claudia De La Cruz/Karina Garcia (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
264 0
Image of
Image of
Peter Sonski/Lauren Onak (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
162 0
Image of
Image of
Cornel West/Melina Abdullah (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
128 0
Image of
Image of
Shiva Ayyadurai/Crystal Ellis (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
21 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Cherunda Lynn Fox/Harlan McVay Jr. (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
4 0
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Future Madam Potus/Jessica Kennedy (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
2 0

Total votes: 1,759,010


Primary election

Connecticut Democratic presidential primary on April 2, 2024
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Official_portrait_of_Vice_President_Joe_Biden.jpg
Joe Biden
 
84.7
 
55,533 60
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/3HaJVw3AYyXBdF9iSRPp977CBFrGCMDhc1w2rHKAC1yEKppTQoGMxtNCjAfntRbE3vPfKMrXcV5x6tsZ7rfuCzeUq2zG7qQsmao4URt.jpeg
Marianne Williamson
 
2.3
 
1,490 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/DEAN_PHILLIPS_RESIZE.jpg
Dean Phillips
 
0.9
 
577 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Cenk_Uygur.png
Cenk Uygur
 
0.5
 
310 0
  Other
 
11.6
 
7,619 0

Total votes: 65,529 • Total pledged delegates: 60


Connecticut Republican presidential primary on April 2, 2024
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/473px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Donald_Trump.jpg
Donald Trump
 
77.9
 
34,750 28
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Nikki_Haley_official_Transition_portrait.jpg
Nikki Haley
 
14.0
 
6,229 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Ron_DeSantis__Official_Portrait__113th_Congress-7_fixed.jpg
Ron DeSantis
 
2.9
 
1,289 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/RyanBinkleySquare.jpg
Ryan Binkley
 
0.4
 
184 0
  Other
 
4.9
 
2,166 0

Total votes: 44,618 • Total pledged delegates: 28


Voting information

See also: Voting in Connecticut

Election information in Connecticut: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
  • By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 18, 2024
  • Online: Oct. 18, 2024

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

No

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 4, 2024
  • By mail: N/A by N/A
  • Online: N/A

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 4, 2024
  • By mail: Received by Nov. 5, 2024

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 21, 2024 to Nov. 3, 2024

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

6:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (EST)


Race ratings, polling, and prediction markets

Race ratings

The map below displays presidential race ratings in each state. These ratings are generated by averaging the ratings from The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, and Sabato's Crystal Ball. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean and Tilt ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[2][3][4]

Polling

The chart below displays national polling averages for the 2024 presidential election from RealClearPolitics.

Prediction markets

The section below displays national PredictIt share prices and RealClearPolitics prediction market averages for the 2024 presidential election.

What is a prediction market?

Prediction markets allow users to purchase shares relating to the outcome of events using real money. Each event, such as an election, has a number of contracts associated with it, each correlating to a different outcome. For instance, an election contested between four candidates would be represented by eight separate contracts, with each contract correlating to a particular candidate winning or losing the election.

The share price in each individual forecast rises and falls based on market demand. Once the event's outcome is decided, holders of shares that correlate with the correct outcome receive a payout for each share they held.

For example, a user buys 10 shares at 20 cents each in a presidential primary saying Candidate A will win. If Candidate A wins the election, the user earns $10. If the candidate loses, the user earns no money and loses his original $2 investment.

Why do prediction markets matter?

Prediction markets can be used to gain insight into the outcome of elections. Microsoft Research economist David Rothschild argued that they are better suited to the task than polls: "I can create a poll that can mimic everything about a prediction market...except markets have a way of incentivizing you to come back at 2 a.m. and update your answer."[5][6][7]

PredictIt


The chart below shows 2024 presidential general election open share prices over time.[8]


Previous presidential election results and analysis

See also: Presidential voting history by state and Presidential voting trends by state

Connecticut presidential election results (1900-2020)

Scroll to the right in the box below to view more recent presidential election results.

  • 15 Democratic wins
  • 16 Republican wins
Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Winning Party R R R D R R R R R D D D R R R D D D R R R R R D D D D D D D D


Below is an analysis of Connecticut's voting record in presidential elections. The state's accuracy is based on the number of times a state has voted for a winning presidential candidate. The majority of statistical data is from the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration and was compiled, here, by Ballotpedia, unless otherwise noted.

Between 1900 and 2020:

  • Connecticut participated in 31 presidential elections.
  • Connecticut voted for the winning presidential candidate 74.2 percent of the time. The average accuracy of voting for winning presidential candidates for all 50 states in this time frame was 71.26 percent.[9]
  • Connecticut voted Democratic 48.4 percent of the time and Republican 51.6 percent of the time.

Recent statewide results

2020

General election


Presidential election in Connecticut, 2020
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
Image of
Image of
Joe Biden/Kamala D. Harris (D)
 
59.3
 
1,080,831 7
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/Mike Pence (R)
 
39.2
 
714,717 0
Image of
Image of
Jo Jorgensen/Spike Cohen (L)
 
1.1
 
20,230 0
Image of
Image of
Howie Hawkins/Angela Nicole Walker (G)
 
0.4
 
7,538 0
Image of
Image of
Ye/Michelle Tidball (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
255 0
Image of
Image of
Brian T. Carroll/Amar Patel (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
219 0
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Jade Simmons/Claudeliah Roze (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
22 0
Image of
Image of
Roque De La Fuente/Darcy Richardson (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
13 0
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Shawn W. Howard/Alyssa Howard (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
12 0
Image of
Image of
Mark Charles/Adrian Wallace (Independent)
 
0.0
 
11 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Kasey Wells/Rachel Wells (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
6 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Mary Ruth Caro Simmons/Sherrie Dow (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
2 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Karynn Weinstein/David Weinstein (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
1 0

Total votes: 1,823,857


Primary election

Connecticut Democratic presidential primary on August 11, 2020
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Official_portrait_of_Vice_President_Joe_Biden.jpg
Joe Biden
 
84.7
 
175,160 60
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Bernie_Sanders.jpg
Bernie Sanders
 
11.6
 
23,882 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/TulsiGabbardReplace.jpg
Tulsi Gabbard
 
1.3
 
2,787 0
  Other
 
2.4
 
4,865 0

Total votes: 206,694 • Total pledged delegates: 60


Connecticut Republican presidential primary on August 11, 2020
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/473px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Donald_Trump.jpg
Donald Trump
 
79.5
 
64,634 28
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/RoqueDeLaFuente.jpg
Roque De La Fuente
 
7.1
 
5,803 0
  Other
 
13.3
 
10,829 0

Total votes: 81,266 • Total pledged delegates: 28


Recent county-level results

How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:


Following the 2020 presidential election, 91.6% of Connecticuters lived in one of the state's six Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 5.1% lived in Litchfield County, the state's one Solid Republican county. Overall, Connecticut was Solid Democratic, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016, and Joe Biden (D) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Connecticut following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.

Presidential elections by state decided by 5 percentage points or less

See also: Presidential statewide margins of victory of 5 percentage points or fewer, 1948-2020

The following map shows the number of times, in presidential elections held between 1948 and 2020, that the margin of victory was 5 percentage points or fewer in each state.

  • Wisconsin was the state with the most frequently narrow margins during this time period, appearing on the list in 11 presidential elections.
  • Three states appeared nine times: Florida, Nevada, and Pennsylvania.
  • The state with the narrowest margin of victory was Florida in 2000 at 537 votes or one-hundredth of a percentage point.

Effect of the 2020 census on electoral votes

Every ten years, the United States conducts the census, a complete count of the U.S. population. The data gleaned from the census process is used to determine several things, including legislative district lines, a state's number of U.S. House representatives, and the number of votes a state has in the Electoral College.

The 2024 presidential election was the first presidential election to take place using the electoral vote counts produced by the 2020 census. Six states gained votes in the Electoral College, while seven states lost votes. See the table below for exact figures.

Electoral votes gained and lost after the 2020 census
State Votes gained (new total) State Votes lost (new total)
Texas +2 (40) California -1 (54)
Colorado +1 (10) Illinois -1 (19)
Florida +1 (30) Michigan -1 (15)
Montana +1 (4) New York -1 (28)
North Carolina +1 (16) Ohio -1 (17)
Oregon +1 (8) Pennsylvania -1 (19)
West Virginia -1 (4)


Presidential election endorsements in Connecticut

See also: Presidential election endorsements, 2024

The section below displays current and former party leaders, governors and other state executives, members of Congress, mayors of large cities, and state legislative majority and minority leaders in Connecticut who issued an endorsement in the 2024 presidential election. See something we missed? Email us.

Presidential endorsements by Connecticut elected officials and party leaders, 2024
Name State Party Candidate Date
Richard Blumenthal CT Democratic Party Joe Biden April 25, 2023 source
Richard Blumenthal CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris July 22, 2024 source
Chris Murphy CT Democratic Party Joe Biden May 10, 2023 source
Joe Courtney CT Democratic Party Joe Biden April 25, 2023 source
Rosa L. DeLauro CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris July 21, 2024 source
Jim Himes CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris July 21, 2024 source
Ned Lamont CT Democratic Party Joe Biden May 10, 2023 source
Ned Lamont CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris July 22, 2024 source
William Tong CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris July 22, 2024 source
Stephanie Thomas CT Democratic Party Kamala D. Harris August 5, 2024 source


Democratic primary

See also: Democratic presidential nomination, 2024
HIGHLIGHTS
  • Joe Biden (D) won the Connecticut Democratic primary on April 2, 2024.
  • Connecticut had an estimated 74 delegates comprised of 60 pledged delegates and 14 superdelegates. Delegate allocation was proportional.
  • The Democratic primary was closed, meaning only registered Democrats were able to vote in the election.
  • The Democratic Party selected Vice President Kamala Harris (D) as its nominee during a virtual roll call vote on August 2, 2024, ahead of the in-person 2024 Democratic National Convention, which took place from August 19-22, 2024, in Chicago, Illinois.[10][11][12][13][14]

    Joe Biden (D) withdrew from the presidential race on July 21, 2024.[15] Biden crossed the majority delegate threshold necessary to win the Democratic nomination on March 12, 2024, which made him the presumptive Democratic nominee.

    Before the national convention, individual state caucuses and primaries were held to allocate convention delegates. To read more about the 2024 primary schedule click here. These delegates, along with superdelegates who come from the party leadership, voted at the virtual roll call to select the nominee.

    Republican primary

    See also: Republican presidential nomination, 2024
    HIGHLIGHTS
  • Donald Trump (R) won the Connecticut Republican primary on April 2, 2024.
  • Connecticut had an estimated 28 delegates. Delegate allocation was a hybrid system.
  • The Republican primary was closed, meaning only registered Republicans were able to vote in the election.
  • The Republican Party selected former President Donald Trump (R) as its 2024 presidential nominee at the 2024 Republican National Convention, which was held from July 15-18, 2024, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

    Before the convention, each state, Washington, D.C., and five U.S. territories held a primary, caucus, or convention to decide how to allocate delegates at the national convention. These nominating events began in January and ended in June. Trump crossed the delegate threshold necessary to win the nomination—1,215—on March 12, 2024.

    Republican presidential candidates participated in five primary debates, with the first being held held in August 2023 and the last in January 2024.[16] Trump did not participate in any of the debates.

    Trump was the sixth U.S. president to run for re-election to non-consecutive terms.[17] Grover Cleveland (D), the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, is the only president who has been elected to non-consecutive terms. Before Trump's 2024 campaign, the most recent former president to run for non-consecutive terms was Theodore Roosevelt (R), who sought re-election in 1912 as a Progressive Party candidate after leaving office in 1909.

    Candidate filing requirements

    See also: Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Connecticut

    The tables below detail filing requirements for presidential candidates in Connecticut in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Connecticut, click here.

    Presidential primary candidates

    Filing requirements for presidential primary candidates in Connecticut, 2024
    State Party Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
    Connecticut Democratic 7,926[18] 1% of registered party members N/A N/A 2/9/2024[19] Source
    Connecticut Republican 4,632[20] 1% of registered party members N/A N/A 2/9/2024[21] Source

    Independent presidential candidates

    Filing requirements for independent candidates in Connecticut, 2024
    State Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
    Connecticut 7,500 1% of the total votes cast for president in the last election or 7,500, whichever is less N/A N/A 8/7/2024 Source

    About the state

    Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.

    • Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
    • State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
    • Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.


    This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.

    U.S. Senate elections

    See also: List of United States Senators from Connecticut

    The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Connecticut.

    U.S. Senate election results in Connecticut
    Race Winner Runner up
    2022 57.5%Democratic Party 42.5%Republican Party
    2018 59.5%Democratic Party 39.4%Republican Party
    2016 63.2%Democratic Party 34.6%Republican Party
    2012 54.8%Democratic Party 43.1%Republican Party
    2010 55.1%Democratic Party 43.3%Republican Party
    Average 56.5 40.0

    Gubernatorial elections

    See also: Governor of Connecticut

    The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Connecticut.

    Gubernatorial election results in Connecticut
    Race Winner Runner up
    2022 56.0%Democratic Party 43.0%Republican Party
    2018 49.4%Democratic Party 46.2%Republican Party
    2014 50.7%Democratic Party 48.2%Republican Party
    2010 49.5%Democratic Party 49.0%Republican Party
    2006 63.2%Republican Party 35.5%Democratic Party
    Average 53.8 44.6
    See also: Party control of Connecticut state government

    Congressional delegation

    The table below displays the partisan composition of Connecticut's congressional delegation as of May 2024.

    Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Connecticut
    Party U.S. Senate U.S. House Total
    Democratic 2 5 7
    Republican 0 0 0
    Independent 0 0 0
    Vacancies 0 0 0
    Total 2 5 7

    State executive

    The table below displays the officeholders in Connecticut's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.

    State executive officials in Connecticut, May 2024
    Office Officeholder
    Governor Democratic Party Ned Lamont
    Lieutenant Governor Democratic Party Susan Bysiewicz
    Secretary of State Democratic Party Stephanie Thomas
    Attorney General Democratic Party William Tong

    State legislature

    Connecticut State Senate

    Party As of February 2024
         Democratic Party 24
         Republican Party 12
         Other 0
         Vacancies 0
    Total 36

    Connecticut House of Representatives

    Party As of February 2024
         Democratic Party 98
         Republican Party 53
         Other 0
         Vacancies 0
    Total 151

    Trifecta control

    The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.

    Connecticut Party Control: 1992-2024
    Fourteen years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
    Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

    Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
    Governor I I I R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
    Senate D D D R R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
    House D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

    The table below details demographic data in Connecticut and compares it to the broader United States as of 2022.

    Demographic Data for Connecticut
    Connecticut United States
    Population 3,605,944 331,449,281
    Land area (sq mi) 4,842 3,531,905
    Race and ethnicity**
    White 69.8% 65.9%
    Black/African American 10.7% 12.5%
    Asian 4.7% 5.8%
    Native American 0.3% 0.8%
    Pacific Islander 0% 0.2%
    Two or more 8% 8.8%
    Hispanic/Latino 17.4% 18.7%
    Education
    High school graduation rate 91.3% 89.1%
    College graduation rate 41.4% 34.3%
    Income
    Median household income $90,213 $75,149
    Persons below poverty level 6.8% 8.8%
    Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2017-2022).
    **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

    Presidential election by state

    See also: Presidential election by state, 2024

    Click on a state below to navigate to information about the presidential election in that jurisdiction.

    https://ballotpedia.org/Presidential_election_in_STATE,_2024

    See also

    Presidential election by state, 2016-2024
    Use the dropdown menu below to navigate Ballotpedia's historical coverage of the presidential election in each state.
    Additional reading




    Footnotes

    1. 270 to Win, "Connecticut," accessed February 15, 2023
    2. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
    3. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
    4. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
    5. Nature, "The power of prediction markets," October 18, 2016
    6. Politico, "Meet the 'stock market' for politics," October 31, 2014
    7. U.S. Presidential General Election Results, "2008 Electoral Map Based on the Intrade Prediction Market," accessed January 25, 2018
    8. PredictIt, "Who will win the 2024 US presidential election?" accessed December 16, 2022
    9. This average includes states like Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, which did not participate in all 30 presidential elections between 1900 and 2020. It does not include Washington, D.C., which cast votes for president for the first time in 1964, or Alaska and Hawaii, which cast votes for president for the first time in 1960.
    10. USA Today, "Harris makes history as first Black woman, Asian American presidential nominee," August 2, 2024
    11. ABC News, "DNC to nominate Biden and Harris to bypass Ohio ballot issues," May 28, 2024
    12. The New York Times, "Democrats Set Aug. 1 for Harris Nomination Vote," July 24, 2024
    13. CBS News, "Kamala Harris closer to being nominee as DNC approves early virtual roll call vote," July 24, 2024
    14. DNC, "DNC and DNCC Chairs Announce Results of Presidential Nominating Petition Process and Opening of Virtual Roll Call on August 1," July 30, 2024
    15. X, "Biden on July 21, 2024," accessed July 21, 2024
    16. The Hill, "RNC votes to hold first presidential debate in Milwaukee," February 23, 2023
    17. Pew Research Center, "Few former presidents have run for their old jobs – or anything else – after leaving office,' November 16, 2022
    18. A petition is only required if a candidate is not placed on the ballot by the secretary of state.
    19. Petitions are due to local registrars on February 9, 2024, and must be forwarded to the secretary of state by February 16, 2024.
    20. A petition is only required if a candidate is not placed on the ballot by the secretary of state.
    21. Petitions are due to local registrars on February 9, 2024, and must be forwarded to the secretary of state by February 16, 2024.