Pro-Palestinian supporters march outside Columbia University in September 2024. AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura July 15, 2025 How universities can keep protests from turning violent: 3 lessons from the 2024 pro-Palestinian encampments Matthew J. Mayhew, The Ohio State University; Anisha Gill-Morris, The Ohio State University; Hind Haddad, The Ohio State University, and Renee L. Bowling, The Ohio State University Engaging early and often resulted in less violent protests, according to the authors’ survey of college campuses.