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Transformations in Urban Human Settlements Within China’s Sustainable Development Innovation Demonstration Zones: A Case Study of Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, During Rapid Urbanization

Author

Listed:
  • Bingxin Xu

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Penglong Wang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Yichun Wang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Qinhua Wang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Bao Wang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Xueyan Zhao

    (College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Junxia Miao

    (School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China)

  • Feng Gao

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

Abstract
The quality of urban human settlements (UHSs) directly affects the city’s livability and the well-being of its residents. Scientific monitoring and assessment of UHSs, their progress toward sustainable development, and impacts they experience from rapid urbanization can accelerate the implementation of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the field of human settlements. This study focuses on Chenzhou City, an innovation demonstration zone for China’s Sustainable Development Agenda. It develops a sustainable development evaluation index based on SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), and other relevant SDGs, with the objectives of residential stability, facilitated mobility, safety of residents, comfortable environment, and low-carbon development. The Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) methodology was utilized to assess the progress of sustainable development in Chenzhou City from 2015 to 2022, focusing on the evaluation of UHS indicators, targets, and sustainable development index (SDI) scores. The geographic detector techniques were employed to investigate the impact of new urbanization on the UHSs. The analysis found the following: (1) After the demonstration zone was established (2019–2022), the scores for the five goals and the SDI increased by over 50% compared to the pre-establishment period (2015–2018), with a highly significant difference between the two periods. (2) Among the 35 indicators measured, the proportion of those that reached or nearly reached their targets increased from 57.1% in 2018 to 71.4% in 2022. As of 2022, there has been positive progress toward the goal of residential stability, while efforts toward the other four goals have made some progress but require further acceleration. (3) China’s new urbanization process had a notable impact on the SDI, with most influencing factors positively correlated with the SDI and the interactive effects of population, economic, social, and spatial urbanization factors demonstrate strong explanatory power. The findings provide decision-making support for the sustainable development of the demonstration zone’s UHSs and offer a reference for evaluating the sustainable development of UHSs in similar cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Bingxin Xu & Penglong Wang & Yichun Wang & Qinhua Wang & Bao Wang & Xueyan Zhao & Junxia Miao & Feng Gao, 2025. "Transformations in Urban Human Settlements Within China’s Sustainable Development Innovation Demonstration Zones: A Case Study of Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, During Rapid Urbanization," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-26, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:2:p:431-:d:1594595
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xueyan Xu & Jun Gao & Zhonghao Zhang & Jing Fu, 2019. "An Assessment of Chinese Pathways to Implement the UN Sustainable Development Goal-11 (SDG-11)—A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-14, June.
    2. He Liu & Xueming Li, 2022. "Understanding the Driving Factors for Urban Human Settlement Vitality at Street Level: A Case Study of Dalian, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Tiancheng Xie & Xinyan Liu & Pingjun Nie, 2022. "Study on Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Factors Influencing Human Settlement Quality in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Yingying Guan & Xueming Li & Jun Yang & Songbo Li & Shenzhen Tian, 2022. "Spatial differentiation of comprehensive suitability of urban human settlements based on GIS: a case study of Liaoning Province, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 4150-4174, March.
    5. Hammer, Jeffrey & Spears, Dean, 2016. "Village sanitation and child health: Effects and external validity in a randomized field experiment in rural India," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 135-148.
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