2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2019
Driver interaction with increasingly automated vehicles requires prior knowledge of system capabi... more Driver interaction with increasingly automated vehicles requires prior knowledge of system capabilities, operational know-how to use novel car equipment and responsiveness to unpredictable situations. With the purpose of getting drivers ready for autonomous driving, in a between-subject study sixty inexperienced participants were trained with an on-board video tutorial, an Augmented Reality (AR) program and a Virtual Reality (VR) simulator. To evaluate the transfer of training to real driving scenarios, a test drive on public roads was conducted implementing, for the first time in these conditions, the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) protocol. Results suggest that VR and AR training can foster knowledge acquisition and improve reaction time performance in takeover requests. Moreover, participants' behavior during the test drive highlights the ecological validity of the experiment thanks to the effective implementation of the WoZ methodology.
SCORE@F : French Field Operational Test for Cooperative Systems
SCORE@F (French experimental and cooperative road system) is a collaborative research project. It... more SCORE@F (French experimental and cooperative road system) is a collaborative research project. Its goals are experiments of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) within an European framework. This project prepares the deployment of C-ITS across Europe, including all kinds of road infrastructures. It belongs to the French work-programme “FUI”, and is composed of 21 partners, with a global budget of 6 million Euros. C-ITS are based on a local wireless communication (WAVE for Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment at 5,9 GHz bandwith allocated by CEPT/ECC), between vehicles (V2V) and vehicle-roadside infrastructure (V2I and I2V). The deployment of C-ITS will really be influenced by the European Commission ITS Directive which was adopted in 2010. The objective of this paper is to take stock of the first use cases experiments of the SCORE@F project..
Providing contextual information when encountering traffic interruptions during automated driving: a preliminary study
The complexity of urban driving environment may create frequent interruptions in the course of au... more The complexity of urban driving environment may create frequent interruptions in the course of automated vehicles, which may have adverse effects on driver's mood, and even result in driver-initiated takeovers. A possible way to counteract this is to help drivers reappraise the situation by providing additional information when they encounter interruptions in vehicle's progression. This study aimed at assessing the effect of an HMI enhanced with contextual information on drivers' mood, attitude and behavior compared to a basic HMI. Participants drove the experimental scenario in a driving simulator, once with and once without receiving contextual information. Results are discussed, potential bias is identified, and perspectives are evoked to improve the proposed method.
This paper presents an ongoing work aimed at evaluating Extended Reality training for the interac... more This paper presents an ongoing work aimed at evaluating Extended Reality training for the interaction of general public with mobile robots, with a particular focus on semi-autonomous cars.
Le Design des Interfaces Numériques en 170 mots-clés. Des interactions homme-machine au design interactif
"Le Design des interfaces numériques est un ouvrage co-écrit par l'APCI... more "Le Design des interfaces numériques est un ouvrage co-écrit par l'APCI, *Designers Interactifs*, Mov'eo et Systematic Paris-Region. Les interfaces numériques sont au cœur du déploiement de dispositifs interactifs, dans différents domaines comme les transports, les communications, les services... Pour travailler à la conception de nouveaux outils et devices (interfaces Homme-Machine, applications logicielles, sites Web, objets connectés…), les professionnels de ces différents secteurs doivent apprendre à parler un seul et même langage. Cet ouvrage rassemble les définitions des 170 mots-clés du design des interfaces numériques, dans ses domaines fondamentaux que sont le design d’interaction, l'ingénierie, l’ergonomie, l’architecture de l’information. Composé par autant de termes du quotidien que de concepts spécialisés, cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans une démarche pédagogique, à destination des professionnels (designers, ingénieurs, ergonomes…) et des étudiants."
Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2019
Highly automated vehicles in urban areas will adopt a safe and cautious driving style, which is l... more Highly automated vehicles in urban areas will adopt a safe and cautious driving style, which is likely to result in frequent stops and yields while negotiating interactions in complex traffic environments. Users may not expect, comprehend or accept such behaviors from their vehicle. Considering that most daily trips are completed under time pressure, drivers may feel frustrated and decide to take over manual control in an attempt to save time. The current study aimed at investigating the impact of time pressure while driving a highly automated vehicle in urban areas in terms of anger and frustration. Forty participants drove a highly automated vehicle with or without time pressure in a driving simulator. The driving scenario included rural roads with light traffic and urban roads with traffic congestion and driving impediments. Data on mood, attitude and driver behavior were collected. Results indicate that urban automated driving in congested conditions deteriorated participants' mood, independently of time pressure. Additionally, the number of takeovers on driver's initiative was higher under time pressure. This study demonstrates that driving a highly automated vehicle in urban areas may have adverse effects for user's emotional state. As long as drivers are uncomfortable with the vehicle behavior, they may decide to takeover in complex situations. Therefore, it is important to consider the emotional dimension of driving highly automated vehicles. Otherwise, expected benefits of automation for traffic congestion and safety may be compromised.
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
In conditionally automated vehicles, drivers can engage in secondary activities while traveling t... more In conditionally automated vehicles, drivers can engage in secondary activities while traveling to their destination. However, drivers are required to appropriately respond, in a limited amount of time, to a take-over request when the system reaches its functional boundaries. In this context, Virtual Reality systems represent a promising training and learning tool to properly familiarize drivers with the automated vehicle and allow them to interact with the novel equipment involved. In this study, the effectiveness of an Head-Mounted display (HMD)-based training program for acquiring interaction skills in automated cars was compared to a user manual and a fixed-base simulator. Results show that the training system affects the take-over performances evaluated in a test drive in a high-end driving simulator. Moreover, self-reported measures indicate that the HMD-based training is preferred with respect to the other systems.
2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2019
Driver interaction with increasingly automated vehicles requires prior knowledge of system capabi... more Driver interaction with increasingly automated vehicles requires prior knowledge of system capabilities, operational know-how to use novel car equipment and responsiveness to unpredictable situations. With the purpose of getting drivers ready for autonomous driving, in a between-subject study sixty inexperienced participants were trained with an on-board video tutorial, an Augmented Reality (AR) program and a Virtual Reality (VR) simulator. To evaluate the transfer of training to real driving scenarios, a test drive on public roads was conducted implementing, for the first time in these conditions, the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) protocol. Results suggest that VR and AR training can foster knowledge acquisition and improve reaction time performance in takeover requests. Moreover, participants' behavior during the test drive highlights the ecological validity of the experiment thanks to the effective implementation of the WoZ methodology.
SCORE@F : French Field Operational Test for Cooperative Systems
SCORE@F (French experimental and cooperative road system) is a collaborative research project. It... more SCORE@F (French experimental and cooperative road system) is a collaborative research project. Its goals are experiments of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) within an European framework. This project prepares the deployment of C-ITS across Europe, including all kinds of road infrastructures. It belongs to the French work-programme “FUI”, and is composed of 21 partners, with a global budget of 6 million Euros. C-ITS are based on a local wireless communication (WAVE for Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment at 5,9 GHz bandwith allocated by CEPT/ECC), between vehicles (V2V) and vehicle-roadside infrastructure (V2I and I2V). The deployment of C-ITS will really be influenced by the European Commission ITS Directive which was adopted in 2010. The objective of this paper is to take stock of the first use cases experiments of the SCORE@F project..
Providing contextual information when encountering traffic interruptions during automated driving: a preliminary study
The complexity of urban driving environment may create frequent interruptions in the course of au... more The complexity of urban driving environment may create frequent interruptions in the course of automated vehicles, which may have adverse effects on driver's mood, and even result in driver-initiated takeovers. A possible way to counteract this is to help drivers reappraise the situation by providing additional information when they encounter interruptions in vehicle's progression. This study aimed at assessing the effect of an HMI enhanced with contextual information on drivers' mood, attitude and behavior compared to a basic HMI. Participants drove the experimental scenario in a driving simulator, once with and once without receiving contextual information. Results are discussed, potential bias is identified, and perspectives are evoked to improve the proposed method.
This paper presents an ongoing work aimed at evaluating Extended Reality training for the interac... more This paper presents an ongoing work aimed at evaluating Extended Reality training for the interaction of general public with mobile robots, with a particular focus on semi-autonomous cars.
Le Design des Interfaces Numériques en 170 mots-clés. Des interactions homme-machine au design interactif
"Le Design des interfaces numériques est un ouvrage co-écrit par l'APCI... more "Le Design des interfaces numériques est un ouvrage co-écrit par l'APCI, *Designers Interactifs*, Mov'eo et Systematic Paris-Region. Les interfaces numériques sont au cœur du déploiement de dispositifs interactifs, dans différents domaines comme les transports, les communications, les services... Pour travailler à la conception de nouveaux outils et devices (interfaces Homme-Machine, applications logicielles, sites Web, objets connectés…), les professionnels de ces différents secteurs doivent apprendre à parler un seul et même langage. Cet ouvrage rassemble les définitions des 170 mots-clés du design des interfaces numériques, dans ses domaines fondamentaux que sont le design d’interaction, l'ingénierie, l’ergonomie, l’architecture de l’information. Composé par autant de termes du quotidien que de concepts spécialisés, cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans une démarche pédagogique, à destination des professionnels (designers, ingénieurs, ergonomes…) et des étudiants."
Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2019
Highly automated vehicles in urban areas will adopt a safe and cautious driving style, which is l... more Highly automated vehicles in urban areas will adopt a safe and cautious driving style, which is likely to result in frequent stops and yields while negotiating interactions in complex traffic environments. Users may not expect, comprehend or accept such behaviors from their vehicle. Considering that most daily trips are completed under time pressure, drivers may feel frustrated and decide to take over manual control in an attempt to save time. The current study aimed at investigating the impact of time pressure while driving a highly automated vehicle in urban areas in terms of anger and frustration. Forty participants drove a highly automated vehicle with or without time pressure in a driving simulator. The driving scenario included rural roads with light traffic and urban roads with traffic congestion and driving impediments. Data on mood, attitude and driver behavior were collected. Results indicate that urban automated driving in congested conditions deteriorated participants' mood, independently of time pressure. Additionally, the number of takeovers on driver's initiative was higher under time pressure. This study demonstrates that driving a highly automated vehicle in urban areas may have adverse effects for user's emotional state. As long as drivers are uncomfortable with the vehicle behavior, they may decide to takeover in complex situations. Therefore, it is important to consider the emotional dimension of driving highly automated vehicles. Otherwise, expected benefits of automation for traffic congestion and safety may be compromised.
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
In conditionally automated vehicles, drivers can engage in secondary activities while traveling t... more In conditionally automated vehicles, drivers can engage in secondary activities while traveling to their destination. However, drivers are required to appropriately respond, in a limited amount of time, to a take-over request when the system reaches its functional boundaries. In this context, Virtual Reality systems represent a promising training and learning tool to properly familiarize drivers with the automated vehicle and allow them to interact with the novel equipment involved. In this study, the effectiveness of an Head-Mounted display (HMD)-based training program for acquiring interaction skills in automated cars was compared to a user manual and a fixed-base simulator. Results show that the training system affects the take-over performances evaluated in a test drive in a high-end driving simulator. Moreover, self-reported measures indicate that the HMD-based training is preferred with respect to the other systems.
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