North Dakota state legislative districts
 |
List of state legislative districts |
There are 141 seats in the North Dakota Legislative Assembly. Approximately one-half of the 47 seats of the North Dakota State Senate are up for election every two years. Each senator serves four-year terms. All 94 seats in the North Dakota House of Representatives serve four-year terms and are not subject to term limits. Generally, members from even-numbered districts are elected in U.S. presidential election years (2012, 2008, 2004, etc.) and members from odd-numbered districts are elected in general election years offset by two years from U.S. presidential elections (2010, 2006, 2002, etc.).
Chambers
Click the following tabs for more information about each chamber:
Senate
The North Dakota State Senate is the upper house of the North Dakota Legislative Assembly.
North Dakota is divided into between 40 and 54 legislative districts apportioned by population as determined by the decennial census. The 2000 redistricting plan provided for 47 districts.
As of the 2020 Census, North Dakota state senators represented an average of 16,589 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 14,381 residents.
Qualifications
Article 4, Section 5 of the North Dakota Constitution states:
| “ | Each individual elected or appointed to the legislative assembly must be, on the day of the election or appointment, a qualified elector in the district from which the member was selected and must have been a resident of the state for one year immediately prior to that election. An individual may not serve in the legislative assembly unless the individual lives in the district from which selected.[1][2] | ” |
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the North Dakota State Legislature, the vacancy is filled by the district committee of the political party that holds the seat. A replacement must be named within 21 days of the vacancy. The appointed person shall serve until the next general election which is scheduled for at least 94 days after the vacancy occurs. Qualified electors in a district where a vacancy exists can also petition for a special election to be called by the governor to fill the remaining term.[3]
See sources: North Dakota Cent. Code §44-02-03.1
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[4] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $592/month | $213/day |
Districts
These are links to every district in the North Dakota State Senate.
House
The North Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the North Dakota Legislative Assembly. Each of North Dakota's 47 districts elects two representatives to the House, for a total of 94 representatives.
As of the 2020 Census, North Dakota state representatives represented an average of 8,295 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 7,190 residents.
Qualifications
Article 4, Section 5 of the North Dakota Constitution states:
| “ | Each individual elected or appointed to the legislative assembly must be, on the day of the election or appointment, a qualified elector in the district from which the member was selected and must have been a resident of the state for one year immediately prior to that election. An individual may not serve in the legislative assembly unless the individual lives in the district from which selected.[5][2] | ” |
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the North Dakota State Legislature, the vacancy is filled by the district committee of the political party that holds the seat. A replacement must be named within 21 days of the vacancy. The appointed person shall serve until the next general election which is scheduled for at least 94 days after the vacancy occurs. Qualified electors in a district where a vacancy exists can also petition for a special election to be called by the governor to fill the remaining term.[6]
See sources: North Dakota Cent. Code §44-02-03.1
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[7] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $592/month | $213/day |
Districts
These are links to every district in the North Dakota House of Representatives.
Redistricting
Because North Dakota has only one congressional district, congressional redistricting is not necessary. The state legislature draws state legislative district boundaries. State legislative district lines are subject to veto by the governor.[8]
The North Dakota Constitution requires that state legislative districts be "compact and contiguous."[8][9]
State legislative maps enacted in 2024
On January 8, 2024, the U.S. District Court of North Dakota ordered the state to adopt a remedial legislative map proposed by the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians and the Spirit Lake Tribe. In the order, Judge Peter Welte said that the new map "requires changes to only three districts ... and is the least intrusive option that complies with the Voting Rights Act and the Constitution."[10][11]
The U.S. District Court of North Dakota struck down the state's legislative map on November 17, 2023, saying in its ruling in the case Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians v. the Secretary of State of North Dakota, "The Secretary is permanently enjoined from administering, enforcing, preparing for, or in any way permitting the nomination or election of members of the North Dakota Legislative Assembly from districts 9 and 15 and subdistrict 9A and 9B. The Secretary and Legislative Assembly shall have until December 22, 2023, to adopt a plan to remedy the violation of Section 2."[12] North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum (R) signed legislation enacting the state's legislative map on November 11, 2021.
Reactions to 2024 state legislative maps
On January 9, 2024, the Secretary of State’s Office filed an appeal with the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals of the U.S. District Court of North Dakota's order in the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians v. the Secretary of State of North Dakota case.[13]
The Secretary of State’s Office also released a statement saying, “Any action taken by the appeals court would not impact the maps used for the 2024 election cycle. ... Secretary of State Michael Howe will be moving forward for the 2024 election with Judge Welte’s court-imposed map.”[13]
State Senate map
Below is the state Senate map in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for North Dakota’s 2024 state legislative elections.
North Dakota State Senate Districts
until November 30, 2024
Click a district to compare boundaries.
North Dakota State Senate Districts
starting December 1, 2024
Click a district to compare boundaries.
State House map
Below is the state House map in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for North Dakota’s 2024 state legislative elections.
North Dakota State House Districts
until November 30, 2024
Click a district to compare boundaries.
North Dakota State House Districts
starting December 1, 2024
Click a district to compare boundaries.
State legislative maps enacted in 2021
The North Dakota House of Representatives approved the maps in a 73-18 vote on November 9, 2021, and the North Dakota State Senate approved the maps in a 40-7 vote on November 10, 2021.[14] These maps took effect for North Dakota's 2022 legislative elections.
The map was drafted by the Legislative Redistricting Committee, which had fourteen Republican members and two Democratic members. The state maintained its 47 legislative districts, but three new districts were placed near more populous areas and three districts were removed from less populous rural areas.[15]
Reactions to 2021 state legislative maps
After signing the map, Gov. Doug Burgum (R) released a statement saying: "We appreciate the Legislature and the interim redistricting committee for their fairness, diligence and transparency as they conducted this important process, which is key to ensuring a representative democracy."[14] The Dickinson Press reported that Rep. Mike Schatz (R) said "the map is geographically absurd and [...] has been gerrymandered," with Schatz saying: "I cannot for the life of me figure out why they would make this. They’re really pushing those of us who don’t like their map into a corner, and that’s frustrating for me."[16]
Regarding the map's House subdivisions drawn to encompass the Fort Berthold reservation in District 4 and the Turtle Mountain reservation in District 9, Rep. Bill Devlin (R) said: "I firmly believe that under the federal law and the court decisions that have been established and upheld, we had to do this. We had no choice.” [17] Rep. Terry Jones (R) criticized the decision, saying: "If we leave subdistricts in this bill, we will be guilty of racial gerrymandering."[18]
Senate elections
North Dakota state senators serve staggered, four-year terms and half of the Senate is up for election every two years. North Dakota holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
Elections for the North Dakota State Senate will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.
2024
Elections for the North Dakota State Senate took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 11, 2024. The filing deadline was April 8, 2024.
Democrats gained one seat in the Nevada State Senate in the 2024 elections, but Republicans maintained the majority.
| North Dakota State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 5, 2024 | After November 6, 2024 | |
| Democratic Party | 4 | 5 | |
| Republican Party | 43 | 42 | |
| Total | 47 | 47 | |
2022
Elections for the North Dakota State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for June 14, 2022. The filing deadline was April 11, 2022.
The Republican Party expanded its majority by three seats in the 2022 general election, from 40-7 to 43-4.
| North Dakota State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
| Democratic Party | 7 | 4 | |
| Republican Party | 40 | 43 | |
| Total | 47 | 47 | |
2020
Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 9, 2020. The filing deadline was April 6, 2020.
In the 2020 elections, Republicans increased their majority in the North Dakota State Senate from 37-10 to 40-7.
| North Dakota State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
| Democratic Party | 10 | 7 | |
| Republican Party | 37 | 40 | |
| Total | 47 | 47 | |
2018
Elections for the North Dakota State Senate took place in 2018. An open primary election took place on June 12, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was April 9, 2018.[19]
In the 2018 elections, Republicans lost one seat but maintained their majority in the North Dakota State Senate.
| North Dakota State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 9 | 10 | |
| Republican Party | 38 | 37 | |
| Total | 47 | 47 | |
2016
Elections for the North Dakota State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election took place on June 14, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was April 11, 2016. A total of 23 seats out of the 47 seats in the North Dakota State Senate were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 32-15 majority. Republicans gained six seats in the election, giving them a 38-9 majority.
| North Dakota State Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 15 | 9 | |
| Republican Party | 32 | 38 | |
| Total | 47 | 47 | |
| Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014Elections for the North Dakota State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on June 10, 2014. The general election was held on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was April 7, 2014. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 33-14 majority. Republicans lost one seat in the election, giving them a 32-15 majority.
2012Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 12, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was April 13, 2012. A total of 23 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 35-12 majority. Republicans lost one seat in the election, giving them a 33-13 majority with one vacancy.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to the 50 Senate candidates was $355,067. The top 10 contributors were:[20]
The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election.
2010Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on June 8, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 8, 2010. A total of 24 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 26-21 majority. Republicans gained nine seats in the election, giving them a 35-12 majority.
During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to the 43 Senate candidates was $271,222. The top 10 contributors were:[21]
2008Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 10, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. A total of 23 seats were up for election. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to the 43 Senate candidates was $441,248. The top 10 contributors were:[22]
2006Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 13, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. A total of 24 seats were up for election. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to the 50 Senate candidates was $237,194. The top 10 contributors were:[23]
2004Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 8, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. A total of 23 seats were up for election. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to the 43 Senate candidates was $163,091. The top 10 contributors were:[24]
2002Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 11, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. A total of 26 seats were up for election. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to the 51 Senate candidates was $242,201. The top 10 contributors were:[25]
2000Elections for the office of North Dakota State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 13, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. A total of 25 seats were up for election. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to the 53 Senate candidates was $133,970. The top 10 contributors were:[26]
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
House elections
North Dakota state representatives serve staggered, four-year terms, with half of the chamber's seats up for election every two years. North Dakota holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.
2024
Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 11, 2024. The filing deadline was April 8, 2024.
2022
Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for June 14, 2022. The filing deadline was April 11, 2022.
The Republican Party expanded its majority by two seats in the 2022 general election, from 80-14 to 82-12.
| North Dakota House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
| Democratic Party | 14 | 12 | |
| Republican Party | 80 | 82 | |
| Total | 94 | 94 | |
2020
Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 9, 2020. The filing deadline was April 6, 2020.
In the 2020 elections, the Republican majority in the North Dakota House of Representatives increased from 79-15 to 80-14.
| North Dakota House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
| Democratic Party | 15 | 14 | |
| Republican Party | 79 | 80 | |
| Total | 94 | 94 | |
2018
Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2018. An open primary election took place on June 12, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was April 9, 2018.[27]
In the 2018 elections, the Republican majority in the North Dakota House of Representatives was reduced from 80-13 to 79-15.
| North Dakota House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 13 | 15 | |
| Republican Party | 80 | 79 | |
| Vacancy | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 94 | 94 | |
2016
Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2016. The primary election took place on June 14, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was April 11, 2016. A total of 47 seats out of the 94 seats in the North Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 71-23 majority. Republicans gained 10 seats in the election, giving them a 81-13 majority.
| North Dakota House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 23 | 13 | |
| Republican Party | 71 | 81 | |
| Total | 94 | 94 | |
| Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014Elections for the North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2014. A primary election took place on June 10, 2014. The general election was held on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was April 7, 2014. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 70-23 majority with one vacancy. Republicans increased their seat advantage from 70 to 71 in the election. The Democratic Party saw no change to their total number of seats, holding at 23.
2012Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 12, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was April 13, 2012. A total of 46 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 69-25 majority. Republicans gained two seats in the election, giving them a 71-23 majority.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to the 97 House candidates was $437,249. The top 10 contributors were:[28]
2010Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives took place in 2010. The primary election was held on June 8, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 8, 2010. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 58-36 majority. Republicans gained 11 seats in the election, giving them a 69-25 majority.
During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to the 89 House candidates was $428,028. The top 10 contributors were:[29]
2008Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 10, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to the 91 House candidates was $406,833. The top 10 contributors were:[30]
2006Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 13, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. A total of 48 seats were up for election. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to the 91 House candidates was $305,907. The top 10 contributors were:[31]
2004Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 8, 2004, and a general election on November 8, 2004. A total of 49 seats were up for election. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to the 93 House candidates was $194,667. The top 10 contributors were:[32]
2002Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 11, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. A total of 49 seats were up for election. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to the 98 House candidates was $166,920. The top 10 contributors were:[33]
2000Elections for the office of North Dakota House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on June 13, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. A total of 49 seats were up for election. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to the 101 House candidates was $68,474. The top 10 contributors were:[34]
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
District maps
State Senate
State House
See also
- State legislature
- North Dakota State Legislature
- North Dakota State Senate
- North Dakota House of Representatives
- List of North Dakota state legislative elections
Footnotes
- ↑ North Dakota Legislative Branch, "North Dakota Constitution, Article IV," accessed February 10, 2023
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ North Dakota Legislative Branch, "North Dakota Century Code §44-02-03.1," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ North Dakota Legislative Branch, "North Dakota Constitution, Article IV," accessed February 10, 2023
- ↑ North Dakota Legislative Branch, "North Dakota Century Code §44-02-03.1," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 All About Redistricting, 'North Dakota," accessed April 22, 2015
- ↑ North Dakota Constitution, "Article IV, Section 2," accessed April 22, 2015
- ↑ United States District Court for the District of North Dakota, "Case No. 3:22-cv-22 Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, et al., vs. Michael Howe," accessed January 8, 2024
- ↑ Twitter, "RedistrictNet," January 10, 2024
- ↑ U.S. District Court for the District of North Dakota, "Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians vs. Michael Howe, in his Official Capacity as Secretary of State of North Dakota," November 17, 2022
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Bismarck Tribune, "North Dakota to follow judge’s redistricting order for 2024 election, despite appeal," January 10, 2024
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 North Dakota Office of the Governor, "Burgum signs bill to approve legislative redistricting, completing process required following 2020 census," November 11, 2021
- ↑ U.S. News and World Report, "North Dakota Legislature Approves New Redistricting Map," November 10, 2021
- ↑ The Dickinson Press, "Governor approves ND redistricting map; area lawmaker unhappy," November 11, 2021
- ↑ The Dickinson Press, "North Dakota lawmakers pass redistricting plan that could boost Native American voting power," November 10, 2021
- ↑ KX News, "North Dakota House approves legislative map with subdistricts for two reservations," November 9, 2021
- ↑ North Dakota Secretary of State, "2018 North Dakota Election Calendar," accessed August 3, 2017
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2012 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2008 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2006 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2004 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2002 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota State Senate 2000 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ North Dakota Secretary of State, "2018 North Dakota Election Calendar," accessed August 3, 2017
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2012 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2008 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2006 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2004 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2002 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
- ↑ Follow the Money, "North Dakota House of Representatives 2000 Campaign Contributions," accessed May 23, 2014
| |||||||||||